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An experimental nuclear fusion reactor could be built in Pembrokeshire

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PEMBROKESHIRE could be the location of an experimental nuclear fusion reactor, which could produce abundent clean energy, if the council backs plans for a site on land owned jointly between Valero oil refinery and Pembroke Power station.

Pembrokeshire County Council’s Cabinet will be asked next week (May 17) to support the project, which it is hoped could create limitless energy.

The officers of the council are recommending to Cabinet that members approve the nominated site being included on the list of UKAEA candidate sites.

Elsewhere in Wales, the Vale of Glamorgan Council is bidding for it to be built at the Aberthaw power station site.

Communities had until the end of March to nominate locations.

If approved the nuclear fusion station, the council’s officers say, could position Pembrokeshire at the international forefront of the clean energy revolution, bringing visibility to the community on a global stage. It was also recommended that the project will bring long-term and enduring environmental, employment, skills and economic benefits to the host community.

However, Greenpeace believes that nuclear fusion is an expensive distraction from the real agenda of providing environmentally benign, reliable energy supply. The campaign group gas also written to Parliament saying that the deuterium-tritium (D-T) fuel mixture used in nuclear fusion produces four times as many high energy neutrons per kilowatt-hour of energy produced than sandard nuclear fission.

Council officers recommend approval for a nuclear fission reactor near Valero refinery (pictured)

Nevertheless the government has a concept programme called STEP, which is an ambitious programme for the conceptual design of a fusion power station. It is a UKAEA administered programme, currently with £220 million funding to produce a phase 1 concept design by 2024.

Beyond 2024, it is claimed, phase 2 intends to move into the engineering design and build phases to deliver the prototype of a commercially viable fusion plant. The prototype will hopefully demonstrate the commercial viability of fusion. The learning from this will enable the future development of a UK fleet of commercial fusion plants, the government said. The target date for the first fully operational plant will be 2040.

In November 2020, the UK Government released an open call to communities across the UK to identify sites that could accommodate a STEP power station, with the site near Valero being chosen.

A report to councillors sitting on the Cabinet states that unlike with conventional nuclear power, there is a benefit of limited risk of nuclear materials proliferation. This is because nuclear fusion doesn’t employ fissile materials like uranium and plutonium. There are no enriched materials in a fusion reactor that could be exploited to make nuclear weapons.

The STEP programme said that it seeks to maximise the recycling and re-use of materials and only use disposal routes where there is no other option.

It said to this end research is being carried out on suitable materials to minimise decay times as much as possible. Any radioactivity of the components in the tokamak structure is classed as low level and relatively short lived.
Fusion is regarded by Government as being carbon free, safe, low land use, low, manageable waste, reliable energy baseload with unlimited fuel.

Paul Miller, Cabinet Member for Economy, Tourism, Leisure and Culture on Pembrokeshire County Council said: “The Haven Waterway has provided livelihoods, underpinned by fossil fuels, for thousands of Pembrokeshire families, mine included, for more than 50 years.

“Its my job to help ensure the waterway continues to provide high skilled, engineering, science and technology jobs for the next generation of this county and so linked to our focus on climate change (and in addition to our existing multi-million pound commitments to supporting wind, wave and tidal clean power generation) my team have been exploring whether we can also support the development of clean, green fusion technology.

“It very early days in the UK Atomic Energy Authority’s site selection process but we’ll provide regular updates as things progress.”

What is nuclear fusion?

Fusion is the process that takes place in the heart of stars and provides the power that drives the universe. When light nuclei fuse to form a heavier nucleus, they release bursts of energy. This is the opposite of nuclear fission – the reaction that is used in nuclear power stations today – in which energy is released when a nucleus splits apart to form smaller nuclei.

To produce energy from fusion here on Earth, a combination of hydrogen gases – deuterium and tritium – are heated to very high temperatures (over 100 million degrees Celsius). The gas becomes a plasma and the nuclei combine to form a helium nucleus and a neutron, with a tiny fraction of the mass converted into ‘fusion’ energy. A plasma with millions of these reactions every second can provide a huge amount of energy from very small amounts of fuel.

One way to control the intensely hot plasma is to use powerful magnets. The most advanced device for this is the ‘tokamak’, a Russian word for a ring-shaped magnetic chamber. CCFE’s goal is to develop fusion reactors using the tokamak concept.

Advantages of fusion power

With increasing concerns over climate change and finite supplies of fossil fuels, we need new, better ways to meet our growing demand for energy. The benefits of fusion power make it an extremely attractive option:

  • No carbon emissions. The only by-products of fusion reactions are small amounts of helium, an inert gas which can be safely released without harming the environment.
  • Abundant fuels. Deuterium can be extracted from water and tritium will be produced inside the power station from lithium, an element abundant in the earth’s crust and seawater. Even with widespread adoption of fusion power stations, these fuel supplies would last for many thousands of years.
  • Energy efficiency. One kilogram of fusion fuel could provide the same amount of energy as 10 million kilograms of fossil fuel. A 1 Gigawatt fusion power station will need less than one tonne of fuel during a year’s operation.
  • Less radioactive waste than fission. There is no radioactive waste by-product from the fusion reaction. Only reactor components become radioactive; the level of activity depends on the structural materials used. Research is being carried out on suitable materials to minimise decay times as much as possible.
  • Safety. A large-scale nuclear accident is not possible in a fusion reactor. The amounts of fuel used in fusion devices are very small (about the weight of a postage stamp at any one time). Furthermore, as the fusion process is difficult to start and keep going, there is no risk of a runaway reaction which could lead to a meltdown.
  • Reliable power. Fusion power plants will be designed to produce a continuous supply of large amounts of electricity. Once established in the market, costs are predicted to be broadly similar to other energy sources.

Business

Welsh food and drink companies forge new connections in Asia

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SOME of Wales’ best known food and drink companies have recently returned from Japan, where they have been promoting the best of what Wales has to offer at Asia’s largest food and drink exhibition.

Supported by the Welsh Government, seven food and drink producers from Wales attended Foodex Japan, under the Cymru/Wales banner, with many returning having made important new contacts, that will hopefully lead to lucrative orders.

Among the Welsh exhibitors were Calon Wen, Castle Dairies, Edwards – The Welsh Butcher, Glamorgan Brewing, Hybu Cig Cymru, Mydflower and Ty Nant.

Welsh food and drink exports to non-EU countries were worth £203m in 2022, a large increase from £176m in 2021. This is also a significant increase over the longer term, increasing by £58m since 2018. The value of Welsh food and drink exports to Asia and Oceania in 2022 was £47m.

Welsh Government Minister for Rural Affairs, North Wales and Trefnydd, Lesley Griffiths, said “Foodex Japan is an important event for Welsh food and drink companies to showcase their high-quality products, build valuable contacts and expand their exports in a country which is known for its food culture.

“The Welsh Government offers a number of programmes to assist businesses attending trade events on the world stage, such as Foodex, and I would encourage anyone with an interest to get in touch with the team and find out how we can help.”

Foodex Japan is a four day event, held at Tokyo Big Sight, and hosted over 2,500 leading food and drink companies from more than 60 countries and regions. It is a hub for numerous business negotiations with top food and drink buyers from across Asia, as well as Japan. It provides a key opportunity to promote and build on the reputation of Welsh food and drink and connect with new customers across the region.

Conwy based multi-award-winning food brand Edwards – The Welsh Butcher was one of the companies on the Cymru/Wales stand and Jeremy Stoker felt it was a worthwhile visit, “Foodex was a fantastic opportunity for us to showcase our high-quality Welsh ‘meat’ products to an international audience. We were delighted to have ‘interest’ from attendees. We are excited to continue building our brand and expanding our reach in the Asian market.”

Another company hoping to pick up some orders is south west Wales based dry sparkling wines from traditionally foraged local ingredients producers Mydflower Ltd, as Michael Dew-Veal told The Herald: “Events such as Foodex offered us the chance to show off our products to an extensive audience but it’s also an opportunity to meet with buyers and gain insight into new markets. This kind of event allows us the chance to look at expanding our market further.”

Caerphilly based Castle Dairies attracted quite a bit of interest with their range of award-winning butters and spreadable butters, as David Cooknell said: “We were thrilled to attend Foodex and showcase our products to the Asian market. The event was a great success as we were able to connect with many potential customers. It is now the case of following up on that interest and turning it into sales.”

Foodex was held at Tokyo Big Sight on 5-8 March with 7 Welsh businesses in attendance being showcased on the Cymru/Wales stand.

For more information on how the Welsh Government can assist your business with reaching new markets through trade event visit https://businesswales.gov.wales/foodanddrink/growing-your-business/trade-events

For more information on how the Welsh Government can assist your business with exporting please visit https://businesswales.gov.wales/export/

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Business

The Original Factory Shop in Milford Haven to stay open

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THE ORIGINAL FACTORY SHOP, located on Charles Street, Milford Haven in the former Woolworth’s premises, has announced it will remain operational, dispelling earlier concerns about its potential closure.

This news, announced on Facebook on Sunday (Mar 17) will come as a relief to both the store’s employees and the local community, who had been bracing for the loss of what is considered the largest shop in the area.

The announcement said: “We have some fantastic news! The store shall now be staying open! We shall resume to normal deliveries in the next week or two, but in the meantime we are facing a clear out, we have a fantastic huge sale on instore.

“Ladies, Men’s. Children’s-wear and even Just Elegance. All this can be found at the back of store, many items up to half price.”

Financial documents reveal that the national chain had experienced financial difficulties, marking a shift from a profit of £6.6 million to a pre-tax loss of £286,000 for the year ending March 26, 2023.

This downturn followed the termination of government COVID-19 support measures, impacting the retailer’s operations significantly. Revenue also saw a decline from £124.4 million to £118.7 million, with a slight decrease in the workforce from 1,936 to 1,877 employees.

The retailer’s struggle was further compounded by a shift in consumer behavior, with an increased preference for online shopping leading to reduced foot traffic in brick-and-mortar stores.

Despite these challenges, the company had briefly returned to profitability before slipping back into financial distress.

In June 2018, The Original Factory Shop had announced the closure of 32 stores, a decision influenced by falling profits and the withdrawal of credit insurance.

Nonetheless, the company sought to overcome its recent financial hurdles by renewing a £12 million flexible asset-based loan facility for an additional three years, providing a lifeline until December 2023.

The company’s board has acknowledged the financial difficulties but remains optimistic about the retailer’s future, citing a robust financial performance with an EBITDA of £4.6 million, despite a downturn from the previous fiscal year’s £8.5 million. The opening of ten new sites in strategic locations has been highlighted as a key part of its recovery strategy.

The potential closure of The Original Factory Shop in Milford Haven had sparked concerns among staff and residents, threatening a significant change to the local retail landscape. The news that the store is to remain open marks a positive development for Charles Street ensuring the continuation of a key retail outlet that provides a variety of products to local shoppers.

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Ascona proudly sponsors Child of Wales Awards 2024

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ASCONA GROUP says it is delighted to announce a new sponsorship partnership with the 2024 Child of Wales Awards.

The Child of Wales Awards celebrate the inspirational achievements of remarkable young people across Wales. They cover every corner of the country in a wide range of categories that span outstanding personal courage, bravery, sporting and creative achievements, and also recognise the children who help others, champion causes in their communities, protect the environment, care for others or raise funds to help other good causes. 

As part of the new partnership, Ascona will sponsor two awards at this year’s event on 27th September: the Bravery Award and the Courageous Family Award. The Bravery Award recognizes young heroes who have shown exceptional fortitude and determination in the face of adversity, while the Courageous Family Award honours the strength and spirit of families who have overcome significant challenges together over the last year.

The Child of Wales Awards 2024 will be hosted at the Swansea Arena on Friday, 27th September 2024. The event promises to be an evening of inspiration and celebration, bringing together an amazing cross-section of society to honour the young individuals and families who have shown exceptional bravery and courage.

For more information about the Child of Wales Awards, please visit: https://www.nationalchildrenofwalesawards.org/

Darren Briggs, founder and CEO of Ascona Group, commented: “Since we launched Ascona in 2011, supporting our communities has been at the heart of everything we do, so I am very proud that we are able to support the Child of Wales awards in 2024 and invest in the future of our nation – our children.

“We are so inspired by the stories of these young individuals and their families, who have shown such remarkable bravery and courage in the face of real adversity. It is an honour to support the Child of Wales awards as they shine a light on the incredible journeys of some of the UK’s bravest young people and their families, and to be able to celebrate their achievements in front of the entire nation.”

Blanche Sainsbury, founder of Child of Britain, said: “We are thrilled to have Darren and the entire Ascona sponsor some of our awards this year. The Bravery and Courageous Family awards are two ways in which we can highlight some amazing people this year. Their support not only contributes to the success of the event but also helps us to further our mission in recognising the extraordinary courage displayed by children and their families across the UK.

“These awards wouldn’t be possible without the generous support of businesses like Ascona, who share our passion of shining a light on these remarkable young people so we are so grateful for their involvement.”

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