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Pembroke Castle excavation completed

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THE TWO WEEK archaeological excavation of Pembroke Castle has finished, with much information and material gathered to be analysed.

Dyfed Archaeological Trust, funded by the Castle Studies Trust, started the excavation on September 3, the first at the site for over 70 years. The excavations and topographic survey aimed to further advance the understanding of one of Wales’ and the UK’s most iconic castles.

The large outer ward has been an empty space since at least the eighteenth century, yet aerial photographs in 2013 revealed parch marks detailing the outline of a possible late medieval double-winged hall house. This was further confirmed by geophysical surveys carried out by Dyfed Archaeological Trust, funded by the Castle Studies Trust, in 2016. Such buildings are unusual in castles, particularly in the outer ward, generally associated with more lowly structures. This may suggest that the ward had been ‘gentrified’ matching historical accounts which place the birth of Henry Tudor in the outer ward: it may have occurred within this very building. It is thought more likely that he was born in what was a modern residence for the time, than in a guard tower on the castle walls.

Under the guidance of well-known castle expert Neil Ludlow, Dyfed Archaeological Trust excavated two trenches to understand more about the form, date, context and function of the remains. Additionally, they carried out a topographic survey to make a detailed record of the layout of the castle.

Neil Ludlow said prior to the excavation: “The geophysical survey carried out in Pembroke Castle, in 2016, funded by the Castle Studies Trust, showed a large, winged building that resembles, in plan, a late-medieval manor house. This is an unusual find within a castle, and has additional significance at Pembroke as the possible birthplace of King Henry VII.

“But this is still guesswork, as nothing else about the building is known. All we really know is that it was excavated in the 1930s without records. Thanks to the support of the Castle Studies Trust, some of these questions will be answered as well as learning more about later medieval high status living.”

Pembroke Castle stands on a site that has been occupied since at least the Roman period. Norman lords founded the first traditional castle there in the 11th century. Henry Tudor was born at Pembroke Castle on January 28 1457. On August 22 1485, Henry seized the English crown, defeating King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field, in the culmination of the Wars of the Roses. He was the last king of England to win his throne on the field of battle, and was crowned Henry VII, first monarch of the House of Tudor.

On the first day of the excavation, a possible wall was quickly made visible in trench one, and trench two revealed a former path surface through the castle grounds and the suggestion of an outer wall. Bone, pottery, brick and tile were found, most from the early 20th century but with some late medieval and post medieval material as well.

The second day saw a second wall revealed close to the east, yet the walls appeared too close together to be associated with the walls seen on the parch marks. Large areas of mortared stone patches were revealed to the west, suggesting walls, and the outer wall of the building in trench two started to become exposed as well. A large amount of oyster shell was collected from the site as well as more pottery and bone.

On the third day, the full width of the wall in trench two was made visible at its western end, at roughly one metre wide, suggesting a substantial structure. In trench one the two walls located close together were thought to represent the cess pit.

The fourth day brought wind and rain, but did not deter progress, with more backfill being removed from both trenches to reveal the surviving walls of the structure. Day five saw good progress, removing almost all of the remaining backfill from trench one to reveal a rubble collapse layer – pre-dating the 1930s excavations. The large mass of masonry is thought to be a possible curving stair, whilst the top of the large wall in trench two was fully exposed.

The sixth day saw further poor weather, and so the focus was on washing and sorting the cleaned finds for bagging up. By the afternoon the weather improved somewhat and the team were able to start the removal of layers of building collapse within the trenches.

Members of the Castle Studies Trust who are funding the investigation visited the site on day seven to check on progress. Work continued in trench one revealing an area of potential bedrock within the possible small room at its eastern end. Collapse material has been removed from trench two to reveal a spread of mortar and slate, potentially a collapsed roof within the structure.
The eighth day saw a sample excavation of the small room in trench one completed, exposing more of a large outcrop of limestone bedrock in its base. Cadw gave permission to slightly extend the trenches and this was started in the afternoon.

The ninth day saw trench two extended to expose the return of the large wall in the northwestern corner of the building, which again appears to be a substantial wall, suggesting a tall building. The extension in trench one was also continued, but no continuation of any walls were seen, although a deposit of rubbish was revealed containing large quantities of roofing slate, oyster shell, bone and quite a few pieces of glazed tile.

The tenth day saw the return of the wall in the second trench fully exposed, the cobbled surface on the outside of the wall cleaned and a rough stone slab floor adjacent to the steps was exposed. They finished taking the eastern extension of the trench down to the correct level, and commenced excavation of the possible cess pit, which is being sampled for environmental analysis.

Day 11 saw the recording and site survey start, as they finished excavation of a small test pit in trench one, onto a second possible stone slab floor. The east end of the trench was found to contain a mix of material, with pottery dating throughout the medieval and later medieval period, as well as three shards of Roman pottery too.

Day 12 was spent undertaking further recording and drawing in the two trenches as the work drew to a close.

The recording was finished on the thirteenth day, as they started backfilling in the afternoon.

In between the volunteers stopped to watch the 1st Battalion Royal Welsh being given the freedom of Pembroke. The last day saw both trenches were backfilled and re-turfed by the end.

 

Crime

Kilgetty man banned from keeping animals after bulldog suffered

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Seventy-year-old failed to seek prompt veterinary treatment for bulldog suffering from dry eye and a skin infection

A KILGETTY man has been banned from keeping animals for seven years after admitting that he caused unnecessary suffering to his bulldog.

Michael John Edward McGartland, aged 70, of Woodlands, Kilgetty, appeared before Haverfordwest Magistrates’ Court on Monday, July 13.

The court heard that between July 12 and December 20, 2025, McGartland failed to seek prompt veterinary treatment for a bulldog named George.

The animal had been showing signs of ill health, including dry eye and a skin infection.

McGartland admitted causing unnecessary suffering to a protected animal by failing to act when he knew, or ought reasonably to have known, that his failure was likely to cause suffering.

He had entered a guilty plea at an earlier hearing on May 26.

Magistrates fined McGartland £769 and ordered him to pay £400 in prosecution costs and a £308 victim surcharge, bringing the total financial penalty to £1,477.

He was also disqualified for seven years from owning, keeping, dealing in or transporting animals.

The order also prevents him from participating in the keeping of animals or becoming involved in any arrangement allowing him to control or influence how an animal is kept.

McGartland will not be permitted to apply for the disqualification order to be lifted for at least five years.

The outstanding balance will be paid at a rate of £100 per month, beginning on August 10.
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Salvage operation nears completion as Fishguard shipwreck is dismantled

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A MAJOR operation to remove a former fishing vessel which ran aground off the Pembrokeshire coast is nearing completion.

The 24-metre Resolute became stranded on rocks near Fishguard after drifting ashore during rough seas in the early hours of December 11 last year.

The vessel had been working as a guard boat for an offshore wind farm near Ireland when it got into difficulty. All four crew members were safely rescued by lifeboat.

After remaining on the rocks for more than six months, specialist marine contractors Jevington Logistics began dismantling the wreck on June 29.

The Pembroke Dock-based company has positioned a 36-metre barge alongside the wreck, using an excavator fitted with powerful metal-cutting shears to break the vessel into large sections.

These sections are then lifted onto the barge and cut into smaller pieces using oxy-propane torches before being transported to a local recycling company.

Around 110 tonnes of steel are expected to be recovered from the heavily built vessel.

Steve Bradley, operations director at Jevington Logistics, said the condition and position of the wreck meant dismantling it in sections was the safest and most practical way of removing it.

The Resolute had suffered several substantial holes to its hull, while access to the wreck was restricted by rocks and a narrow channel.

A shallow-draught barge equipped with legs which can be driven into the seabed was brought in to provide a stable working platform.

Mr Bradley said the vessel was being systematically divided into five main sections, which were then being lifted onto the barge for further dismantling.

The operation has presented a number of challenges, including manoeuvring the barge close enough to the wreck and dealing with changing sea conditions.

Work had to be suspended for two days after the swell became too large for the salvage operation to continue safely.

Environmental protection measures have also been put in place, including a containment boom around the wreck.

The Maritime and Coastguard Agency has monitored the operation and was said to be satisfied with the pollution prevention arrangements.

Most of the Resolute’s remaining fuel was removed and transferred ashore earlier this year. A small amount of pollution was initially identified following the grounding, but no further pollution incidents have been reported.

Once the main structure has been removed, salvage teams will inspect the surrounding rocks and seabed to make sure no pieces of the vessel or other debris have been left behind.

The stranded ship has attracted considerable attention from residents and visitors since it was washed onto the rocks near Fishguard last winter.

 

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Crime

Teenager tells jury he took knife to school to ‘show off’ to friends

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Boy accused of attempting to murder Milford Haven teacher says he ‘never wanted to injure’ her

A TEENAGE boy accused of attempting to murder his teacher with a kitchen knife has told a jury he took the blade to school to “show off” to his friends, but never intended to use it violently.

The 16-year-old, who cannot be named for legal reasons, was giving evidence at Swansea Crown Court on Monday afternoon (Jul 13).

He is accused of attacking history teacher Vicki Williams inside a classroom at Milford Haven School on Thursday, February 5.

The boy, who was 15 at the time, denies attempted murder, wounding with intent and unlawful wounding. He has admitted possessing a knife on school premises.

The trial has heard that Mrs Williams suffered a stab wound to the top of her head, as well as injuries to her hands.

Giving evidence, the defendant described walking into Mrs Williams’ classroom after the end of the school day with a rucksack on his arm. Inside the bag was a large kitchen knife, which he said he had taken from his parents’ kitchen.

He told the jury he had gone into the room to ask Mrs Williams to check his history work.

CCTV footage played to the court showed the defendant standing outside the classroom at around 3:13pm.

“I knew she wasn’t in there because the light was off and from where I was standing you could see her at her desk,” he told the court.

The footage showed him leaving the area before returning minutes later.

“The door was now open and when I went in, Miss Williams was sitting down at her desk looking at her laptop,” he said.

“I didn’t say anything but walked in and closed the door, and walked up to her desk. My rucksack was on my left arm.

“When I got to her desk I got my history book out and the first thing I said to her was, ‘Can you check my work, please?’”

The defendant claimed Mrs Williams then saw the knife in the same inner compartment of his bag as his history book.

“She asked me what it was and I didn’t say anything back,” he said.

“She asked me to take it out, and I took the knife out by the handle, with my right hand. I held it, still facing downwards and Miss Williams looked shocked. Her mouth was open and her eyes were wide.”

The boy said Mrs Williams then asked him to hand over the knife.

“She said, ‘Give it here’, and I said, ‘No’,” he told the jury.

“I didn’t want to get in trouble by having a knife in school.

“She then tried to grab the knife off me with both hands, and her hands made contact with the blade.

“The knife was going everywhere as I tried to get it off her.”

The defendant denied deliberately stabbing Mrs Williams in the head.

He told the court he did not see the knife make contact with her head, although he accepted that it must have done so because of her injuries.

“We were struggling for ten seconds and then she started screaming,” he said.

“This was when the whole situation got too much for me so I let go of the knife and ran out.”

Asked whether he had planned to attack Mrs Williams, the defendant said he had “never wanted to injure Miss Williams”.

He told the jury he had chosen GCSE history because it interested him, and denied having any ill feeling towards his teacher.

He also denied being argumentative towards her, falling out with her, or deliberately using the knife on her.

Earlier in his evidence, the defendant said he had taken the knife into school as part of what he described as a game among friends.

“Me and my friends used to bring in random stuff like tools, household items, all of that kind of stuff, to see what we could get away with bringing into school,” he said.

“I got the knife from my kitchen and it was the largest one in the knife block. I took it because it would have been the most impressive one to show my friends.

“I didn’t want the teachers to find it and I didn’t want to use it in a violent way.”

But when questioned by the Crown, the defendant accepted that none of his friends were shown the knife on February 5.

“Not all of my friends were in school that day and I wanted to show it to the whole group during break or lunch, rather than individually,” he said.

The court was also shown CCTV footage of the defendant in a school corridor two days before the alleged attack.

The footage showed him loitering and waving his arms towards a classroom.

“I should have been in lessons but I was waving at my friend to come home with me and skip lessons,” he told the court.

Further footage showed the defendant smiling with friends after one of them donkey-kicked a classroom door, causing it to shatter.

“We found it funny that he’d smashed the door,” the defendant said.

The jury also heard that the defendant and his friends had previously removed tools from the school’s technology department and taken them home.

These included a power drill and a spanner.

“It was a game we were doing, to see how many tools we could steal from a class before the teacher realised,” he said.

Earlier in the trial, Mrs Williams told the jury that the defendant had followed her into the classroom after asking for help with his history work.

She said he then “lunged” at her with a knife and stabbed her in the head.

The prosecution alleges that the attack was deliberate and planned.

The defence says the injuries were caused accidentally during a struggle after the boy refused to hand over the knife.

The trial continues tomorrow, Tuesday, July 14.

 

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