Climate
Independent expert group calls for urgent climate action in Wales
WALES must significantly ramp up its climate ambitions to hit net zero by 2035 according to a new report spearheaded by former environment minister Jane Davidson and supported by Professor Lorraine Whitmarsh.
The Wales Net Zero 2025 Challenge Group warns that both the Welsh Government, the UK Government, as well as society at large, must significantly step up to meet this critical target.
Their new report, Pathways To A Prosperous And Resilient Wales In A Changing Future was commissioned by the leaders of the Welsh Government and Plaid Cymru through the 2021 Cooperation Agreement. It presents a comprehensive strategy to guide Wales towards sustainability by 2035, focusing on key areas: emissions reductions, education and employment, food and energy security and the development of housing, transport and infrastructure.
Professor Whitmarsh, Director of the Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations (CAST) at the University of Bath is the Co-Chair of Connections in the group.
Professor Whitmarsh and her colleagues stress the need to transform mobility and connectivity for a healthier, fairer Wales. Their recommendations include enhancing digital connectivity, local services, and sustainable transport options to align with the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015.
Prof Lorraine Whitmarsh who examined connectivity across Wales, said: “We believe that society should be supported to travel less, travel differently and travel better. Our advice supports a transformative mobility agenda to avoid, shift and improve the movement of people and goods, to reduce car dependency whilst also supporting a healthier, fairer future.”
Dr Eurgain Powell from Public Health Wales who also examined connectivity, said: “By enabling and investing in digital connectivity, local services, fairer fares for public transport, walking and cycling, car sharing e-hubs, rail freight and sustainable aviation fuel, we believe our advice offers a better direction for the people of Wales and closer alignment with the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015.”
The expert group anticipates substantial benefits from a net zero transition, including better health outcomes, reduced NHS pressures, increased energy security, and new jobs in low-carbon sectors. They stress that proactive planning is essential to ensure a just transition to net zero, delivering both environmental and socio-economic benefits.
Jane Davidson, Net Zero Challenge Group Chair, added: “The Senedd was the first national parliament in the world to declare a climate emergency in 2019, pledging to act to reduce the negative impacts of climate change on the Welsh population.
By proposing 10 year pathways to deliver outcomes to keep the population of Wales safer, our work has focused particularly on delivering a nature positive and just transition as required by the unique Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act.
Our ambition has been to describe pathways that will deliver benefits to the Welsh people as well as quantifiable emission reductions. While this work is specific to Wales, quantifiable emission reductions are essential for us all if we are to minimise harm to current and future generations. We hope that our work, published before New York Climate Week and this year’s COP29 in Azerbaijan, will help Wales and other countries of all sizes to consider focusing on real actions as part of real pathways to deliver.”
Stan Townsend, Net Zero Challenge Group Secretary, added: “This work offers genuine pragmatism in dealing with challenge of climate change, for Wales and the world. Unlike the so called ‘pragmatism’ that ignores problems, this work acknowledges and confronts them head-on.
Through exploring how to reach net zero earlier than 2050, we’ve highlighted how Wales could accelerate action to address the causes of climate change, while demonstrating that this acceleration shouldn’t wait any longer if we are to seize the benefits, minimise the costs and ensure a just transition.
Importantly, for us, we’ve worked towards a net-zero transition that also addresses related challenges such as public health, inequality, economic stability and the nature crisis. This is what the people of Wales deserve.
As the great-grandson of a coal miner from the South Wales valleys, I don’t want to see a history of unjust transitions repeat itself. A renewed approach to climate change and sustainable development is needed to avoid this and that is what our work offers.”
Climate
Pembroke tidal flood defence work to continue to January
SIGNIFICANT issues with a part of Pembroke’s tidal barrage are not expected to be fully fixed before late January, councillors heard.
Pembroke councillors Aaron Carey and Jonathan Grimes submitted an urgent question heard at the December meeting of Pembrokeshire County Council, which said: “In light of the repeated flooding events across the county – including the recent overflow at Castle Pond and the acknowledgement by your own Coastal, Rivers & Drainage Team that the barrage tipping gate remains inoperable until mid-January can you explain what assessment has been made of the adequacy of our tidal outfall infrastructure in the face of current and projected future storm surges and sea-level rise?
“If no such assessment has yet been undertaken, will you commit now to commissioning an immediate structural and risk-capacity audit, with a report to full council within three months, and with proposals for funding any remedial works required — to avoid recurring damage and disruption to residents, highways, and public amenities?”
Responding to the urgent question, Cabinet Member for Residents Services Cllr Rhys Sinnett said a significant assessment of the Pembroke Tidal Barrage had already been undertaken over the past two years, with regular inspections.
He said “a comprehensive package of works” began in September which were due to be completed before Christmas but said there had been “significant issues” with the tipping gate hydraulic ram, with a significant overhaul now taking place, with reinstatement expected by late January.
He told members additional mitigation measures were now in place and, once works are completed, enhanced works will provide improved resilience and “long-term reliability,” with further reports due to come to Cabinet.
Cllr Carey and Cllr Grimes had also submitted a notice of motion saying: “That this council notes with concern the repeated and increasingly severe flooding experienced in our coastal, estuarial and river-fringe communities over recent weeks — in particular the flooding events affecting the Commons/Castle Pond area.
“That the council further notes that, according to correspondence from the Coastal, Rivers & Drainage Team Manager, the tipping gate at the barrage remains out of operation until mid-January due to mechanical issues; meanwhile high tide, heavy rain, wind-driven tidal surges and overspill at the sluice have combined to overwhelm the drainage/outfall infrastructure.
“That we recognise the current maintenance schedule (delayed ‘til after the summer season) and the justification given — but further that such planning failed to foresee the likelihood of severe winter storm and surge events, which climate change makes more frequent and more intense.
“That this council therefore calls on the Cabinet to commission an urgent review of:
- The adequacy of the current drainage/outfall and tidal-sluice infrastructure (barrage tipping gate, sluice/sluice-valve, flap valve, outfall capacity) for current and projected climate/tide conditions.
- The maintenance scheduling policy for coastal and estuarial flood-risk assets, with a view to ensuring critical maintenance is completed before winter high-tide / storm-surge season, rather than — as at present — being delayed until after summer for ‘recreational / biodiversity’ reasons.
“That, pending the outcome of the review, the council should allocate appropriate emergency capital funding to remediate the barrages / sluices / outfalls at risk of failure or blockage — to safeguard residents, properties, highways and public amenities from further flooding.
“That, further, this council resolves to publish a public flood-resilience plan for the county, identifying all coastal and river-fringe ‘hotspots,’ maintenance schedules, responsible teams, and a transparent timeline for upgrades or remedial works — so residents have clarity and confidence in flood prevention measures.”
The notice of motion itself will be considered by the council’s Cabinet at a later date.
Climate
Urgent calls for action on Pembroke Commons flooding
TWO PEMBROKESHIRE councillors have submitted an urgent call for action following recent heavy flooding in parts of Pembroke.
Pembroke councillors Aaron Carey and Jonathan Grimes have submitted an urgent notice of motion ahead of tomorrow’s December 12 meeting of Pembrokeshire County Council following heavy flooding in the town’s Commons and Castle Pond area.
The notice of motion covers six points.
“That this council notes with concern the repeated and increasingly severe flooding experienced in our coastal, estuarial and river-fringe communities over recent weeks — in particular the flooding events affecting the Commons/Castle Pond area.
“That the council further notes that, according to correspondence from the Coastal, Rivers & Drainage Team Manager, the tipping gate at the barrage remains out of operation until mid-January due to mechanical issues; meanwhile high tide, heavy rain, wind-driven tidal surges and overspill at the sluice have combined to overwhelm the drainage/outfall infrastructure.
“That we recognise the current maintenance schedule (delayed till after the summer season) and the justification given — but further that such planning failed to foresee the likelihood of severe winter storm and surge events, which climate change makes more frequent and more intense.
“That this council therefore calls on the Cabinet to commission an urgent review of:
- The adequacy of the current drainage/outfall and tidal-sluice infrastructure (barrage tipping gate, sluice/sluice-valve, flap valve, outfall capacity) for current and projected climate/tide conditions.
- The maintenance scheduling policy for coastal and estuarial flood-risk assets, with a view to ensuring critical maintenance is completed before winter high-tide / storm-surge season, rather than — as at present — being delayed until after summer for ‘recreational / biodiversity’ reasons.
“That, pending the outcome of the review, the council should allocate appropriate emergency capital funding to remediate the barrages / sluices / outfalls at risk of failure or blockage — to safeguard residents, properties, highways and public amenities from further flooding.
“That, further, this council resolves to publish a public flood-resilience plan for the county, identifying all coastal and river-fringe ‘hotspots,’ maintenance schedules, responsible teams, and a transparent timeline for upgrades or remedial works — so residents have clarity and confidence in flood prevention measures.”
The submission also includes a question for Cabinet Member Cllr Rhys Sinnett.
“In light of the repeated flooding events across the county – including the recent overflow at Castle Pond and the acknowledgement by your own Coastal, Rivers & Drainage Team that the barrage tipping gate remains inoperable until mid-January can you explain what assessment has been made of the adequacy of our tidal outfall infrastructure in the face of current and projected future storm surges and sea-level rise?
“If no such assessment has yet been undertaken, will you commit now to commissioning an immediate structural and risk-capacity audit, with a report to full council within three months, and with proposals for funding any remedial works required — to avoid recurring damage and disruption to residents, highways, and public amenities?”
A Pembrokeshire County Council spokesman has confirmed the 11th hour call will be heard by full council tomorrow.
Image: Martin Cavaney
Climate
UK marks 25 years since first offshore wind farm began generating power
Sector now powers millions of homes and supports 40,000 jobs
THE UK today (Dec 8) marks a significant milestone: 25 years since the country’s first offshore wind farm began generating electricity. Blyth Offshore Wind Farm, built off the Northumberland coast in 2000, consisted of just two turbines producing four megawatts of power — enough for three thousand homes — and laid the foundations for what has become one of the UK’s most important energy industries.
In the space of a single generation, offshore wind has grown into the UK’s largest source of clean electricity. In 2024 it provided more than thirty-four per cent of all renewable power and generated a record seventeen per cent of the UK’s electricity overall, totalling 48.5 terawatt hours. The current fleet has a combined capacity equivalent to five large nuclear power stations.
Across UK waters, 2,878 turbines are now in operation — ten floating and 2,868 fixed — with a total generating capacity of 16.1 gigawatts. That is enough to power more than sixteen million homes each year. Industry estimates suggest that, without this development, the UK would have had to burn an additional twenty million tonnes of gas over the past twenty-five years, producing more than sixty million tonnes of CO₂.
The sector’s growth has also reshaped the economy. Nearly two thousand companies now operate within the UK wind supply chain, including one hundred and sixty factories. Their combined activity is forecast to contribute £18.2bn to the UK economy over the next decade. Around forty thousand jobs are currently supported by offshore wind — a figure projected to rise to ninety-four thousand by 2030.
Construction is accelerating. More than 7.5GW of new offshore wind is already being built and is due to become fully operational within the next two years, with a further 22GW consented through to 2033.
‘Britain is once again leading the world in clean power’
Energy Minister Michael Shanks MP said: “Twenty-five years after the first offshore wind turbines began to turn, Britain is once again leading the world in clean homegrown power. Offshore wind is at the heart of our 2030 mission – helping us reduce our dependence on volatile fossil fuel markets, lower bills for good, and support one hundred thousand jobs by 2030.”
RenewableUK’s Deputy Chief Executive Jane Cooper said the sector’s progress had brought “jobs, investment, energy security, and environmental benefits in equal measure,” adding that next month’s clean power auction could secure a record amount of new offshore capacity. “A consistent pipeline of projects is vital to trigger new investment in factories and supply chain companies,” she said.
Julia Rose, Head of Offshore Wind at The Crown Estate, said the UK’s first 25 years demonstrated “the transformative power of collaboration and strategic vision,” noting that 45 operational wind farms are now in UK waters with a 95GW development pipeline. The Crown Estate plans to bring a further 20–30GW of new leasing opportunities to market by 2030.
Ed Daniels, CEO of Venterra Group, highlighted the role of the UK’s supply chain: “Offshore wind’s success has created tens of thousands of skilled jobs, rejuvenated coastal communities and established the UK as a global exporter of expertise. Continued investment is essential to deliver economic growth and energy security over the next twenty-five years.”
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