Climate
Cleddau River benefits from two river habitat restoration projects
A RESTORATION project with ambitions to make a Pembrokeshire river more resilient to the challenges of the climate and nature emergencies is making great strides.
The Natural Resources Wales’ (NRW) Four Rivers for LIFE project team began work to restore the Western Cleddau River in Pembrokeshire in October 2023, with the goal of creating valuable habitat for important fish and wildlife.
The Western Cleddau is designated a Special Area of Conservation (SAC) and has been heavily modified in the past. Dredging and straightening of some parts of the river has significantly affected the condition and health of the river habitat.
The first project saw the introduction of several pieces of large wood into the river to mimic the natural processes that happen when trees fall into rivers.
Introducing wood narrows the river channel and forces the water around the wood causing localised erosion and creating new meanders.
As material from the erosion deposits in the flow shadow of the wood over time, new gravel, sand and silt bars will be created which will, in turn, create vital habitat and areas for important fish such as lamprey and trout to spawn and raise their young.
The wood also provides shelter for fish from fast flows, shade and cooler water, and cover from predators.
Nathan Walton, Reserves Manager West and Wildlife Trust Officer for Pembrokeshire said: “The installation of a number of woody structures in the river is working well. The root plates are helping to slow water flow and encourage the natural re-meandering of the watercourse.
“Water levels are much higher than before, and areas of the reserve are now becoming wetter. This enhances the open water and fen features of the reserve and the species dependent on them.
“We are extremely grateful to the project for recent works on the upper reaches of the western Cleddau that passes through Llangloffan Fen.”
Llangloffan Fen is a lowland wetland in the upper part of the Western Cleddau river SAC. The fen is a national nature reserve managed in parts by the Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales (WTSWW), Natural Resources Wales (NRW) and some private landowners.
The second project saw the re-introduction of large boulders into a stretch of the Western Cleddau River, near Letterston village.
The boulders are believed to have been removed from the river as part of historic dredging in the late 1960s. This was confirmed by the presence of similar types and sizes of boulders found nearby. These boulders showed clear signs of weathering and erosion as opposed to bank protection boulders, which are quarried and angular in shape.
Introducing the boulders will create more natural flow diversity, as water speeds up on either side of the boulder and slows down upstream and downstream.
These different flow types create perfect conditions for different insects which are part of the food chain that supports species like salmon and otters.
The calm water flows also offer rest areas for fish, as they move up and downstream and swim from boulder to boulder to save energy.
Duncan Dumbreck from the Four Rivers for LIFE project said: “Historic surveys of fish and aquatic insects have found a mix of trout, lamprey, bullhead and stickleback in this part of the river.
“This regenerated habitat will be vital to the survival of species like salmon, which are at risk of becoming extinct in some rivers in Wales.”
Habitat recovery is a very slow process and can take hundreds of years. This work will boost the recovery process by using methods that would naturally occur.
Both projects were funded by the Four Rivers for LIFE Project, an EU LIFE funded programme looking to restore freshwater habitats for rare and important species.
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Climate
Impact of Storm Darragh on NRW’s woodland estate ‘significant’
AS THE NATION continues to recover from the significant impacts of Storm Darragh’s 90mph winds and rainfall (7 and 8 December), Natural Resources Wales (NRW) is continuing the challenging task of assessing the damage to its forests and nature reserves and working hard to restore its sites for visitors to return.
NRW’s land managers have been working hard across Wales to assess the damage to the land in its care, prioritising clearing trees from forest roads that have blocked forest resident access to their homes, and enabling emergency services and utilities to restore power and services to the public.
Early indications are that the impact on the Welsh Government Woodland Estate is significant with large areas of trees fallen in widespread areas across Wales.
Many kilometres of forest roads, walking trails and mountain bike routes are obstructed by fallen trees and branches and it will take time to clear them.
While this important work to restore access to trails continues, people are currently advised not to travel to NRW’s forests and reserves. While visitor centres are re-opening following the storm, people should check NRW’s website before planning a visit as car parks and other facilities may need to be closed at short notice as recovery operations continue.
The recovery work will focus on making sure trails and forest roads are accessible. Visitors should follow any instructions given by signs or local staff, including any trail diversions or closures and beware of the dangers of falling trees and branches.
Gavin Bown, Head of Operations Mid Wales for NRW, said: “Storm Darragh impacted communities right across Wales, with thousands of homes experiencing power cuts, and communities impacted by fallen trees and flooding. Our sympathies go out to those affected.
“The storm has taken a significant toll on the land in our care as well. A huge amount of work went into preparing for and responding to Storm Darragh, and the improved weather this week has allowed us to start the long road to recovery.
“We’re inspecting our sites to assess the damage, and our land managers and contractors are prioritising work to clear blocked roads and trails. But this will take some time. The impacts we have seen will likely affect planned forest and harvesting operations for years to come.
“While we’re undertaking that important work to get your trails back to normal, those who use them for recreation are advised not to travel to our sites at this time.
“We are providing the latest information about the status of specific sites and trails on our website, and on our social media channels. You should always follow any instructions given by signs or local staff including any trail diversions or closures, and beware of the danger of falling trees or branches.”
Information about closures or diversion at NRW’s visitor centres, forests and nature reserves can be found online at https://naturalresources.wales/days-out/places-to-visit/
Climate
Push to speed up planning process ‘risks sidelining public opinion’
CHANGES to planning law risk sidelining the voice of the public in decisions on significant new energy projects, Senedd Members warned.
Plaid Cymru’s Luke Fletcher said accountability in planning decisions will be undermined by new regulations on major projects, known as developments of national significance (DNS).
Mr Fletcher told the Senedd the regulations will raise the threshold at which energy projects are decided by Welsh ministers from 10MW to 50MW, marking a fundamental shift.
The shadow economy secretary said: “Projects that could have considerable impacts on communities, landscapes and ecosystems will now receive less scrutiny, with the decision making process potentially expedited at the expense of … thorough democratic oversight.
“While we recognise the need for efficiency in the planning system, this cannot come at the cost of transparency and community involvement.”
Mr Fletcher told the Senedd that energy projects under 50MW can have profound effects, so it is vital communities have a meaningful voice.
“Yet these regulations risk sidelining that voice in the interests of speed and convenience,” he warned as he called on the Welsh Government to reconsider the reforms.
Raising concerns about the transfer of decision-making powers from Welsh ministers to appointed inspectors, he said: “Public confidence in the planning process depends on a system that is not only efficient but fair, transparent and open to challenge.”
He supported action to meet net-zero targets but said this must be done in a way that respects the rights of communities and safeguards the natural environment.
Mr Fletcher told the debating chamber or Siambr: “By prioritising speed over scrutiny, these regulations fail to strike that right balance.”
But Rebecca Evans, Wales’ economy secretary, said: “I’m afraid Plaid Cymru seems to have completely misunderstood the regulations which are being debated today.
“The application and determination process doesn’t change at all with the delegation of determinations to inspectors. The community engagement statutory consultees and the policy framework all remain exactly the same.”
Ms Evans, who is responsible for planning and energy, added: “Just to emphasise again that there is no change whatsoever to requirements around community engagement….
“So, the fundamental objection that Plaid Cymru has … doesn’t have any foundation at all.”
She said the regulations are an interim arrangement until the Infrastructure Act, which was passed by the Senedd this year, comes into force in September 2025.
The consenting process for major infrastructure projects will be overhauled under the Act, with the DNS system replaced by a streamlined regime.
The Senedd voted 36-12 in favour of the regulations which will come into force in January.
Climate
Pembrokeshire group plans for larger community wind turbine
A NORTH Pembrokeshire group which has raised more than £76,000 from its community wind turbine for local projects is hoping to expand with a bigger turbine.
In an application to Pembrokeshire County Council, Abergwaun Community Turbine Ltd, through agent Machynlleth-based Dulas Ltd is hoping to get permission for a larger turbine to replace the existing Abergwaun Community Turbine.
The proposed turbine, in a pasture field at Trebover Farm, to the south of Fishguard, would be 67m tall, the existing 2015 one being 45 metres.
In supporting statements, parent company Transition Bro Gwaun said: “The Community Climate Fund (CCF) is the mechanism by which Transition Bro Gwaun (TBG) is fulfilling our ambition of funding projects in Fishguard, Goodwick and across North Pembrokeshire, using income from the community wind turbine.
“The core themes for grants are climate change mitigation and adaptation, enhancement of biodiversity and improvements to community resilience through promotion of community engagement and resource sharing.”
In 2015, TBG raised its 50 per cent share of capital funding for the project by means of loans from 28 local individuals and four community groups, contributing a total of £286,500, the other 50 per cent contributed by landowners Parc-y-Morfa Farms Ltd.
The statement added: “Profit generated by sale of electricity from the turbine is split 50:50 between TBG and Parcy-Morfa Farms Ltd through the jointly owned trading arm, Abergwaun Community Turbine. By the end of 2022, all loans had been repaid, allowing the launch of TBG’s Community Climate Fund. This year we have awarded our third round of grants bringing the total amount granted to £76,036.”
In 2022, £15,274 was awarded to seven projects, including Fishguard Sports AFC to install solar panels on their clubhouse as part of their Tregroes Park development, Ysgol Bro Gwaun for their Increasing Biodiversity and Bees project, and Nevern Valley Veg / Llysiau Cwm Nyfer to install a solar powered vegetable irrigation scheme.
In 2023, £39,85 was made available for seven projects, including Sea Trust Wales to part fund the installation of solar panels on the Ocean Lab roof and to produce a display on solar technology, Letterston Memorial Hall to part fund the installation of an air source heat pump heating system, and Fishguard and Goodwick Rugby Club to install solar panels on their clubhouse.
2024 awards of £20,917 were made to six projects, including Theatr Gwaun to insulate their loft to reduce heating loss, Parc Cerrig Growers for developing a rainwater harvesting system with a pond to irrigate their allotments, Caerhys Organic Community Agriculture for an electric cargo bike for delivering organic vegetables in the Fishguard and St Davids areas, and Nevern Valley Veg to develop wildlife ponds and rainwater harvesting for food production.
The supporting documentation concludes: “The repowering of the existing turbine at Trebover would require a limited increase in turbine size which would result in a very limited change in landscape and visual effects in comparison to the existing Trebover turbine.”
The application will be considered by planners at a later date.
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