Education
Leftover bread crusts can be turned into new food says Aberystwyth University
IF you are concerned about the crusts of your bread going to waste, then new research that promises to turn it into new kinds of food could be the answer.
In a paper published in the journal ‘NPJ Science of Food’, academics at Aberystwyth University have shown that waste bread can be fermented into highly nutritious foods.
Wheat is one of the most consumed crops worldwide, contributing to 20% of the calories and proteins in human diets.
It is a key ingredient for many staple foods, such as breads, cakes, biscuits, cookies and crackers.
Bakery waste, particularly from bread, is a major global concern. Currently around 10% of the 185 million tons of bread baked each year is wasted, mostly at supermarkets and commercial bakers.
The new study is the first time academics have shown grass traditionally used for livestock production can be successfully fermented along with bread by fungi to make alternative proteins.
The new process combines surplus bread with juice from pressed grass which is full of nutrients and protein for fungal growth.
The alternative protein that can be produced from it could end up on the plates of millions, including in fortified bread, pork pies or sausages.
Dr David Bryant from the Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences at Aberystwyth University said:
“This is a real breakthrough that will hopefully tackle the growing global problem of wasted food. Most of us know only too well how much of a problem bread waste is – from the toast thrown away at breakfast or our uneaten sandwiches. But that is not the whole issue – much is wasted commercially in manufacture and retail as well.
“This research gives us a way of tackling that problem through fermentation. It is the use of grass that makes these findings a genuine first. The beauty of this method is that it can use that everyday plant to turn waste into new types of food for the growing world population.”
The type of fungi used in the scientists’ new fermentation is already widely used to produce tempeh, a vegetarian alternative to meat made from fermented cooked soya beans and which is widely eaten in parts of Asia.
Using the pilot-scale biorefining facility at AberInnovation, which is based on Aberystwyth University’s Gogerddan Campus, the scientific breakthrough takes advantage of solid-state fermentation, which is more environmentally friendly and produces less wastewater than other methods.
A spokesperson for Samworth Brothers added:
“Samworth Brothers is a food business with significant influence – our activities impact the environment and climate change, nutrition, employment, supply chains and the communities in which we operate. We’re determined that our influence is for the good.
Supporting this project is a great example of what we can do in addition to our food redistribution activities to find alternative uses for bread crusts.”
The four-year research project is funded by the UKRI Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).
Professor Anne Ferguson-Smith, BBSRC Executive Chair, said:
“Embracing innovative approaches like this not only helps to combat food waste but also pioneers new ways to sustain our growing population with nutritious alternatives. This latest research from IBERS, one of BBSRC’s strategically supported research institutes, epitomises the type of transformative science BBSRC invests in to foster sustainable and resilient food systems across the UK and around the world. The potential of turning everyday waste into valuable food resources is an opportunity we must capitalise on if we are to successfully secure our global food supply both now and in the future.”
As the study continues, researchers will consider how they can change the flavours and improve the taste of the alternative proteins produced by the fermentation.
Education
Prendergast School achieves gold award for Armed Forces support
Top honour recognises commitment to Service children and families
PRENDERGAST CP School in Haverfordwest has been awarded the highest possible recognition for its support of Armed Forces families.
The school has secured Gold Armed Forces Friendly School Cymru status, marking a significant milestone in its ongoing work to support pupils from Service backgrounds.
Headteacher Louise John said the achievement reflects a strong, whole-school commitment to ensuring Service children feel supported and able to succeed.

She said: “We are committed to ensuring Service pupils feel welcomed, understood and able to thrive.
“We recognise the unique experiences of children from Service families and have worked hard to embed that understanding across the school.
“Our approach focuses on early identification, strong communication with families, and consistent pastoral support.
“Achieving Gold status recognises the dedication of our staff and the inclusive practices already in place, while reinforcing our ongoing commitment to supporting Service children’s wellbeing, sense of belonging, and educational success.”
The Gold award, delivered through Supporting Service Children in Education Cymru (SSCE Cymru), requires schools to demonstrate strong and sustained support for Service children. This includes creating a positive environment where pupils can share their experiences and strengthening links with the wider Armed Forces community.
Prendergast CP School previously achieved both Bronze and Silver awards before progressing to the top level.
Cllr Simon Hancock, Pembrokeshire County Council’s Armed Forces Champion, praised the achievement.
He said: “I would like to congratulate Prendergast School on achieving the coveted Gold Armed Forces Friendly School Cymru status.
“From my visits, it is clear the school actively engages with the Armed Forces community and provides a positive and supportive environment for Service children.”
Cllr Guy Woodham, Cabinet Member for Education and the Welsh Language, added: “This is fantastic recognition of the ongoing work at Prendergast School.
“It highlights the importance of supporting Armed Forces families and sets a strong example of best practice. Well done to everyone involved.”
Education
4 Essential Cyber Security Tips to Protect Your Data
Protecting your personal data and financial information is crucial. With scammers and hijackers getting more and more sophisticated, you need to implement proper cyber security systems in order to keep yourself protected.
With that in mind, here are four cybersecurity tips to help you stay safe online.
Use Strong Passwords
A strong password is a basic security essential. A password that’s difficult to guess makes it harder for unauthorised users to gain access.
When creating a password, consider these guidelines:
- Length – the longer the better, as there’s more opportunity to get it wrong
- Character variation – use a combination of upper and lower case, symbols, and numbers
- Avoid personal information – birthdays or other important dates, names, streets etc.
- Keep passwords unique – don’t use the same password on different sites
It’s also a good idea to set up two-factor authentication. This adds an extra layer of security, should your password be compromised.
Most people use simple passwords so they’re easy to remember, but this can be risky. If you struggle to remember complex passwords, consider using a password manager such as NordPass to securely store your passwords.
Remain Vigilant
It’s important to remain vigilant of scams or phishing attempts. They usually come through as emails or text messages and there are a few clear signs of malicious intent:
- Misspellings – particularly in the email address itself
- Pressure to take action – scammers often aim to create a sense or urgency to get you to take action without thinking
- Asking for sensitive information – legitimate companies don’t typically ask for passwords or financial details via text or email. Never give personal information away without verifying the legitimacy of the site and the correspondence
- Suspicious links – don’t click links that you’re unsure of or ones where the URL destination is completely different to the hyperlinked text (you can hover over links without clicking to see this)
Keep Your Software Up to Date
Keeping your software up-to-date ensures that you remain protected. Software updates are often designed to bridge security gaps and protect against new threats, plus new systems are typically better equipped to resist malware. Consider turning on automatic updates so you don’t miss any.
Remove Malware Immediately
If you notice that your device is slower than usual, apps that you don’t recognise have been installed, or pop-up ads are appearing everywhere, you may have malware on your device.
It’s important to run a scan to detect malware if you suspect your device has been affected, and remove it promptly. There is plenty of step-by-step help out there that can help you remove malware from your device.
Safeguard Your Data
By using strong passwords, remaining vigilant of scams and phishing attempts, keeping your software and devices up to date, and removing malware as soon as possible, you can help ensure your personal and financial information remains secure.
Education
Milford Haven school plans unveiled but funding not yet secured
PLANS for a new £100 million school in Milford Haven have been unveiled, but the project has not yet secured full approval and remains subject to further funding decisions.
Pembrokeshire County Council this week released details of the proposed development, alongside a professionally produced video featuring First Minister Eluned Morgan, senior council figures and school leaders outlining the vision for a modern, state-of-the-art school.
The announcement comes just seven weeks before the Senedd election.
The proposed scheme would see the development of a new, purpose-built school designed to provide modern learning environments for pupils across Milford Haven and the surrounding area. Plans include specialist teaching facilities, improved accessibility throughout the site, and enhanced outdoor learning and play areas.
Council officials say the project will also place a strong emphasis on sustainability, incorporating energy-efficient systems and modern building standards aimed at reducing long-term environmental impact and running costs.
Outline stage only
Despite the high-profile launch, the project is currently at Strategic Outline Case (SOC) stage — an early stage in the public sector approval process.
SOC approval means the scheme has been accepted in principle, but key elements — including final costs, detailed design and overall value for money — have not yet been fully assessed.
Crucially, no final funding commitment has yet been made.
Before the project can proceed to construction, it must pass through the full business case (FBC) process. This stage requires detailed financial modelling, technical planning and formal sign-off from funding bodies, including the Welsh Government.
Only if that process is successfully completed will funding be formally approved and delivery authorised.
Political and funding context
Major school developments in Wales are typically delivered through joint funding arrangements between local authorities and the Welsh Government, often under long-term investment programmes aimed at modernising the education estate.
While both council leaders and Welsh Government representatives have expressed support for the Milford Haven project, schemes at SOC stage can still be subject to revision, delay or, in some cases, may not proceed if funding or value-for-money criteria are not met.
Large infrastructure announcements are often made at this stage to outline ambition and begin public engagement, ahead of final decisions on funding and delivery.
Long-running campaign
Cllr Guy Woodham, Cabinet Member for Education, said he had been working towards securing a new school for several years.
He said: “I have been Cabinet Member for Education since 2019 and I have been fighting for a new school for Milford all that time.
“This project represents a major investment in our children’s future and will provide a safe, modern and inclusive environment where pupils can thrive.”
The Welsh Government has also welcomed the plans, describing them as part of its wider programme to improve school facilities across Wales.
Community involvement
The council has confirmed that the next phase of the project will involve consultation and engagement with pupils, staff, parents and local residents.
This process is expected to help shape the detailed design of the school before a full business case is submitted.
Not yet a confirmed build
While the plans have been presented as a significant step forward for education in Milford Haven, the project remains a proposal rather than a confirmed construction scheme.
At this stage, timelines for delivery have not been finalised, and progression will depend on the outcome of the business case process and the availability of funding.
For now, the new school remains an ambition backed in principle — but not yet a guaranteed build.
Cover image:
Delighted with announcement: First Minister, Eluned Morgan MS
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