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Protect every hedge, or risk losing our wildlife, warns IEPAW

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THE INTERIM Environmental Protection Assessor for Wales (IEPAW) is urging the Welsh Government to overhaul outdated laws protecting hedgerows, as their continued decline is putting Wales’s biodiversity, cultural heritage and climate resilience at serious risk.

Prof Lynda Warren

In its latest report, The Protection of Hedgerows in Wales, which was published this month, IEPAW’s has revealed that hedgerows, – recognised in Welsh law as a priority habitat – are increasingly vulnerable under legislation that has not kept pace with the country’s environmental goals.

According to Natural Resources Wales, just 17% of hedgerows are in good condition, with that figure falling to 2% on arable land. The loss and poor management of hedgerows threaten vital ecosystem services such as carbon storage, soil stability, wildlife connectivity and flood mitigation.

For example, hedgerows can reduce peak flows of nearby water courses following heavy rain by up to 50% and they can be important carbon sinks; there can be about 300 m3 of wood in 1 km of hedgerow which equates to 60 – 100 tonnes of carbon.

IEPAW’s report finds the Hedgerows Regulations 1997 are no longer fit-for-purpose. They pre-date devolution, protect only a limited number of rural hedgerows, and fail to reflect Wales’s current environmental legislation, including the Environment (Wales) Act 2016, the Well-being of Future Generations Act 2015 and the Agriculture (Wales) Act 2023.

As a result, IEPAW is calling for comprehensive legal reform in the next Senedd term. This includes a presumption in law that all hedgerows are protected unless their removal is justified, with strengthened enforcement powers and expanded safeguards for urban, cultural and non-agricultural hedgerows.

Professor Lynda Warren, Interim Environmental Protection Assessor for Wales, said: “We must stop treating hedgerows as an afterthought. They are essential to tackling the nature and climate emergencies, yet legal protection is patchy, confusing and full of loopholes.

“Despite the importance of hedgerows, no full national survey has been carried out in over 20 years – and anecdotal evidence suggests thousands of kilometres have been lost in that time. We know that 25% of hedgerows in Wales were destroyed between 1984-1990.

“Our recommendations set out a clearer, fairer system that ensures hedgerows are safeguarded for future generations.”

From its full list of 14 recommendations, IEPAW has identified a number of actions, which would address the most significant gaps in current hedgerow protection. These include:

  • Making it a criminal offence to ignore Hedgerow Replacement Notices.
  • Bringing all hedgerows under the planning regime, with a requirement to consult Natural Resources Wales on removals.
  • Banning the use of netting to deter nesting birds, which undermines biodiversity efforts.
  • Creating a national inventory of hedgerows, potentially through the upcoming Sustainable Farming Scheme (SFS).
  • Providing clear guidance and financial support for farmers to manage hedgerows sustainably.

IEPAW also supports the adoption of the Hedgerow Carbon Code, which would allow farmers to earn income from biodiversity and carbon credits – a move aligned with Welsh Government goals to increase nature-based solutions to climate change.

Professor Warren added: “Protecting hedgerows isn’t just about preserving the past – it’s about investing in a greener, more resilient future. With the right legal framework and support for land managers, we can turn hedgerow protection into a real asset for communities, nature and climate.”

The publication comes as the Welsh Government prepares to roll out the Sustainable Farming Scheme in 2026, presenting a critical window to integrate stronger hedgerow protections into national agricultural policy.

To find out more information about IEPAW, visit: https://www.gov.wales/interim-environmental-protection-assessor-wales

Crime

Swansea man dies weeks after release from troubled HMP Parc: Investigation launched

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A SWANSEA man has died just weeks after being released from HMP Parc, the Bridgend prison now at the centre of a national crisis over inmate deaths and post-release failures.

Darren Thomas, aged 52, died on 13 November 2025 — less than a month after leaving custody. The Prisons and Probation Ombudsman (PPO) has confirmed an independent investigation into his death, which is currently listed as “in progress”.

Born on 9 April 1973, Mr Thomas had been under post-release supervision following a period at HMP/YOI Parc, the G4S-run prison that recorded seventeen deaths in custody in 2024 — the highest in the UK.

His last known legal appearance was at Swansea Crown Court in October 2024, where he stood trial accused of making a threatening phone call and two counts of criminal damage. During the hearing, reported by The Pembrokeshire Herald at the time, the court heard he made threats during a heated call on 5 October 2023.

Mr Thomas denied the allegations but was found guilty on all counts. He was sentenced to a custodial term, which led to his imprisonment at HMP Parc.

Parc: A prison in breakdown

HMP Parc has faced sustained criticism throughout 2024 and 2025. A damning unannounced inspection in January found:

  • Severe self-harm incidents up 190%
  • Violence against staff up 109%
  • Synthetic drugs “easily accessible” across wings
  • Overcrowding at 108% capacity

In the first three months of 2024 alone, ten men died at Parc — part of a wider cluster of twenty PPO-investigated deaths since 2022. Six occurred within three weeks, all linked to synthetic drug use.

Leaked staff messages in 2025 exposed a culture of indifference, including one officer writing: “Let’s push him to go tomorrow so we can drop him.”

Six G4S employees have been arrested since 2023 in connection with alleged assaults and misconduct.

The danger after release

Deaths shortly after release from custody are a growing national concern. Ministry of Justice data shows 620 people died while under community supervision in 2024–2025, with 62 deaths occurring within 14 days of release.

Short sentences — common at Parc — leave little time for effective rehabilitation or release planning. Homelessness, loss of drug tolerance and untreated mental-health conditions create a high-risk environment for those newly released.

The PPO investigates all such deaths to determine whether prisons or probation failed in their duties. Reports often take 6–12 months and can lead to recommendations.

A system at breaking point

The crisis at Parc reflects wider failures across UK prisons and probation. A July 2025 House of Lords report described the service as “not fit for purpose”. More than 500 people die in custody annually, with campaigners warning that private prisons such as Parc prioritise cost-cutting over care.

The PPO investigation into the death of Darren Thomas continues.

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Crime

Woman stabbed partner in Haverfordwest before handing herself in

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A WOMAN who stabbed her partner during a drug-fuelled episode walked straight into Haverfordwest Police Station and told officers what she had done, Swansea Crown Court has heard.

Amy Woolston, 22, of Dartmouth Street in Milford Haven, arrived at the station at around 8:00pm on June 13 and said: “I stabbed my ex-partner earlier… he’s alright and he let me walk off,” prosecutor Tom Scapens told the court.

The pair had taken acid together earlier in the day, and Woolston claimed she believed she could feel “stab marks in her back” before the incident.

Police find victim with four wounds

Officers went to the victim’s home to check on him. He was not there at first, but returned shortly afterwards. He appeared sober and told police: “Just a couple of things,” before pointing to injuries on his back.

He had three stab or puncture wounds to his back and another to his bicep.

The victim said that when he arrived home from the shop, Woolston was acting “a bit shifty”. After asking if she was alright, she grabbed something from the windowsill — described as either a knife or a shard of glass — and stabbed him.

He told officers he had “had worse from her before”, did not support a prosecution, and refused to go to hospital.

Defendant has long history of violence

Woolston pleaded guilty to unlawful wounding. The court heard she had amassed 20 previous convictions from 10 court appearances, including assaults, battery, and offences against emergency workers.

Defending, Dyfed Thomas said Woolston had longstanding mental health problems and had been off medication prescribed for paranoid schizophrenia at the time.
“She’s had a difficult upbringing,” he added, saying she was remorseful and now compliant with treatment.

Woolston was jailed for 12 months, but the court heard she has already served the equivalent time on remand and will be released imminently on a 12-month licence.

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News

BBC apologises to Herald’s editor for inaccurate story

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THE BBC has issued a formal apology and amended a six-year-old article written by BBC Wales Business Correspondent Huw Thomas after its Executive Complaints Unit ruled that the original headline and wording gave an “incorrect impression” that Herald editor Tom Sinclair was personally liable for tens of thousands of pounds in debt.

The 2019 report, originally headlined “Herald newspaper editor Tom Sinclair has £70,000 debts”, has now been changed.

The ECU found: “The wording of the article and its headline could have led readers to form the incorrect impression that the debt was Mr Sinclair’s personal responsibility… In that respect the article failed to meet the BBC’s standards of due accuracy.”

Mr Sinclair said: “I’m grateful to the ECU for the apology and for correcting the personal-liability impression that caused real harm for six years. However, the article still links the debts to ‘the group which publishes The Herald’ when in fact they related to printing companies that were dissolved two years before the Herald was founded in 2013. I have asked the BBC to add that final clarification so the record is completely accurate.”

A formal apology and correction of this kind from the BBC is extremely rare, especially for a story more than six years old. 

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