Education
Welsh mine microbes mapped to help heat homes
WELSH SCIENTISTS have mapped the hidden microbes thriving in south Wales’s abandoned coal mines, helping to overcome obstacles to using mine water to heat Britain’s homes.
With an estimated one-quarter of UK properties located above abandoned coal mines, the potential for geothermal heating is vast.
A pioneering heat exchange system set up in 2023 warms 350 homes and several businesses in Gateshead using naturally heated mine water. A larger project is underway in County Durham, where 1,500 homes will be heated entirely by this method.
The groundwater in flooded former coal workings is heated by natural geothermal processes and is a fertile breeding ground for naturally occurring bacteria. These microbes can significantly influence the chemistry of mine water, and have implications for the efficiency and longevity of geothermal systems.
A team of microbiologists from Aberystwyth University sampled the water flowing out of old mine workings in south Wales and used advanced DNA sequencing to analyse bacterial populations and map the multitude of microbes present.
Bacteria can impact geothermal energy capture in many ways, including by affecting the chemistry of the water used, corroding pipes, and biofouling – the accumulation of biological substances on the heat transfer surfaces which reduces performance and efficiency.
Professor in Microbial Geochemistry at Aberystwyth University, Andy Mitchell, said: “The water in flooded coal mines is a vast underused source of low-carbon energy which could heat homes and businesses across Britain. Until now, evaluating the potential of this resource as a geothermal heat source has involved temperature testing and assessing whether water can be successfully extracted and reinjected into a different coal seam after heat has been recovered.
“However, it is also vital to understand how microbial activity might affect the long-term viability of mine water heat exchanger installations.”
Published in FEMS Microbiology Ecology, the research has uncovered how underground microbial communities play an important role in cycling iron and sulphur – processes that can influence the acidity, metal content, and overall quality of groundwater.
Dr Arwyn Edwards, Director of the University’s Interdisciplinary Centre for Environmental Microbiology, said:
“In the global context, this study shows that the abandoned coal mines of south Wales offer a uniquely helpful insight into the exotic lives of the many trillions of trillions of microbes hidden deep underground.”
“Our findings show that microbial communities in these mine waters are not randomly distributed. Instead, they are strongly influenced by the underlying geology and the way groundwater flows through the coalfield. These bacteria’s life cycles and activities could contribute to the warmth of the waters rising up from deep in the coalfield, and they are key players in shaping the geochemistry of mine waters. Understanding their role is crucial for designing efficient and resilient geothermal systems.”
Much of the research was undertaken by Dr André Soares while he was a PhD student at Aberystwyth University, supervised by Professor Andy Mitchell and Dr Arwyn Edwards; and by Dr Sara Rassner, Research Fellow in the Interdisciplinary Centre for Environmental Microbiology at Aberystwyth University.
The research was supported by the Sêr Cymru National Research Network for Low Carbon, Energy and the Environment project Geo-Carb-Cymru and Natural Environment Research Council (NERC).
Photo: Guglielmo Persoani collecting water samples from abandoned mines in the south Wales coalfield.
Education
Primary school application deadline reminder
PARENTS or guardians of children in Pembrokeshire born between 01/09/2021 – 31/08/2022 are invited to apply for a Primary school place (Reception year group) for September 2026 by the closing date of 31st January 2026.
Applications received after this date will be considered late which may have a bearing on whether your child gets a place at your preferred school.
It is important to note that a school place will not be allocated unless a formal application is received.
The online application form can be found on the Pembrokeshire County Council website: www.pembrokeshire.gov.uk/schools-and-learning under ‘Apply for a School Place’.
There is no need to re-apply if you have already submitted an application form. You can view your current applications by logging into your My Account and into the ‘Schools & Learning’ ‘School Admissions & Transport’ section.
For further information on the school admissions process, please view our Information to Parents
Parents/guardians will be informed of the allocation of places on the common offer date of 16th April 2026.
Crime
Former Swansea headteacher banned after exposing himself to staff
A SWANSEA primary school headteacher who repeatedly exposed himself to female colleagues – both on school grounds and during a school trip – has been barred from working in education in Wales for at least fifteen years.
James “Jamie” Richards, who led Cadle Primary School between 2011 and 2021, was removed from the Education Workforce Council (EWC) register after a professional conduct panel found numerous allegations against him proven. The panel described his behaviour as “harassing, abusive and predatory”.
Richards, a father-of-two, did not attend the four-day hearing, was not represented, and did not respond to the allegations. The panel therefore treated all allegations as denied but considered them on the evidence before them.
Staff left traumatised
During the hearing, several current and former staff members gave accounts of being left “shocked”, “numb”, and “frightened” by Richards’ actions.
One woman said she was summoned to his office and found him standing next to his desk with his trousers and underwear around his ankles. Another member of staff recalled him showing explicit images on his phone during a meeting, while others described a video he displayed of himself touching his genitals.
Five women in total told the panel that Richards had exposed himself to them. Some said they had been too scared to report what happened at the time. One recalled him saying he “can’t help myself” after an incident.
The panel heard that Richards did not return a school-issued laptop during an internal investigation in 2021 – the same device he was said to have used to display naked images of himself.
One complainant told the hearing she felt “silenced” and let down after Richards was allowed to resign while the school’s internal investigation was underway. She also described feeling “unbelieved” when South Wales Police later decided there was no criminal case to answer.
Concerns over dishonesty
The panel was told that Richards had refused to participate in an independent internal investigation at the school in 2021. He claimed, via his union, that ill health prevented him from being interviewed.
However, evidence from a Swansea Council fraud team contradicted this. Investigators filmed Richards driving and playing golf with friends at a time when he was claiming he was too unwell to co-operate.
Presenting officer Sara Lewis said Richards had abused his position of trust and had told frightened staff not to speak out.
Struck off until at least 2040
The EWC panel said it had no information about Richards’ current employment or whether he planned to return to teaching. However, it concluded that his behaviour amounted to unacceptable professional conduct and that striking him off was the only appropriate outcome.
Richards cannot apply for reinstatement until November 2040. He has 28 days to appeal the decision to the High Court.
Education
Pembrokeshire talent strike gold as Wales hosts WorldSkills UK finals for first time
WALES has hosted the WorldSkills UK National Finals for the very first time – marking a historic milestone for the nation and showcasing its largest ever team of competitors.
Following the Team Wales Torch Relay, which toured the country to celebrate skills and unite colleges and communities, the Finals brought together more than 400 of the UK’s top apprentices and learners who competed for the title of best in their trade.
From 26–28 November, events were held across five venues in South Wales, covering over 40 skill areas including engineering, digital, construction, hospitality and the creative industries.
The results were revealed during a medal ceremony at ICC Wales on Friday, 28 November, where Team Wales achieved an exceptional 57 medals in total.

Pembrokeshire College students excelled on the national stage, securing 3 Gold, 3 Silver, 1 Bronze and 2 Highly Commended medals. Competitors also delivered an impressive performance in Foundation Skills, bringing home 2 Gold, 1 Silver and 1 Highly Commended – underlining Wales’ commitment to inclusive, accessible skills development.
This year’s Finals featured 122 Welsh competitors – the highest number Wales has ever fielded. Welsh entrants made up around 30% of all UK competitors, highlighting both the depth of skills talent in Wales and the impact of sustained investment in training and facilities.
Bronze medallist Mason Aitchison, who competed in Welding, said he was delighted with his achievement.
“After getting Silver at Skills Competition Wales, the WorldSkills UK National Finals felt like the natural next step for me.
I’ve put in so much practice to improve my welding skills, and competing has really helped me grow. Learning from trainers, tutors and peers has been invaluable – it’s all about building your skills through practice.”

Minister for Skills Jack Sargeant praised Team Wales’ performance.
“I’d like to extend a huge congratulations to Team Wales on their outstanding success at this year’s WorldSkills UK National Finals.
Hosting the Finals for the first time has been a proud moment for our nation, and the achievements of our competitors highlight their dedication and the exceptional quality of vocational talent we have here in Wales.”
Ben Blackledge, Chief Executive of WorldSkills UK, added: “These exceptional young people represent the future of our economy. They are the new generation of highflyers who will give UK employers a competitive edge. Our competitions, based on global standards, play a vital role in developing the skills that will drive investment, create jobs and fuel economic growth.”
WorldSkills UK, the Welsh Government and Inspiring Skills Excellence in Wales welcomed leading employers, global industry experts and representatives from across the UK’s education and training sector to watch the Finals unfold.

Skills competitions in Wales begin at regional level through Skills Competition Wales, before progressing to national and then international WorldSkills stages.
Medallists at WorldSkills UK may now be selected for Squad UK, with the opportunity to represent their country at future global competitions.
For more information on WorldSkills UK and SkillBuild, or to get involved as a competitor, tutor or employer, visit: https://inspiringskills.gov.wales
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