News
Stonehenge altar stone came from Scotland, not Wales
THE LARGEST “bluestone” at the heart of Stonehenge came from northern Scotland, not Wales, according to new research.
Published in the journal Nature, the study analysed the age and chemistry of minerals from fragments of the Altar Stone.
The findings show a remarkable similarity between the Old Red Sandstone of the Orcadian Basin in northeast Scotland and the Stonehenge Altar Stone.
Construction at Stonehenge began 5,000 years ago, with changes and additions over the next two millennia.
Although it is unclear when the Altar Stone arrived at Stonehenge, it may have been placed within the world-renowned central horseshoe of stones during the second construction phase at around 2620 – 2480 BC.
For the past hundred years, the iconic six-tonne Altar Stone at the heart of the ancient site was believed to have come from Wales.
The majority of Stonehenge’s world-renowned ‘bluestones’ came from the Preseli Hills area in west Wales and are believed to have been the first stones erected at the Wiltshire site.
The Altar Stone, a sandstone, has traditionally been grouped with these other, smaller, igneous bluestones.
However, the Altar Stone’s origins had remained an open question, until now.
According to the new research involving scientists at Aberystwyth University, UCL, Curtin University and the University of Adelaide, both the chemical composition and the ages of mineral grains in the sandstone indicate it is very likely to have come from northeast Scotland.
The scientists used their analysis of the ages of the mineral grains to create a ‘fingerprint’ of the source of those grains. They matched ages found in rocks of the Orcadian Basin found in the north-east of Scotland, and are completely different from Welsh-sourced stones.
Co-author Professor Richard Bevins from Aberystwyth University said:
“These findings are truly remarkable – they overturn what had been thought for the past century. We have succeeded in working out, if you like, the age and chemical fingerprints of perhaps one of the most famous of stones in the world-renowned ancient monument.
“It’s thrilling to know that our chemical analysis and dating work has finally unlocked this great mystery. We can now say that this iconic rock is Scottish and not Welsh. Although we can say that much, and confidently – the hunt will still very much be on to pin down where exactly in the north-east of Scotland the Altar Stone came from.”
The new discovery implies that one of the most famous stones in the world was moved much further than had been believed – at least 700 km (435 miles).
Anthony Clarke from the Timescales of Mineral Systems Group at Curtin University said:
“Considering the technological constraints of the Neolithic, our findings raise fascinating questions about how such massive stone was able to be transported over the vast distance implied. Given major overland barriers en route from north-east Scotland to Salisbury Plain, marine transport is one feasible option.”
Co-author Dr Robert Ixer of the UCL Institute of Archaeology said: “This is a genuinely shocking result, but if plate tectonics and atomic physics are correct, then the Altar Stone is Scottish. The work prompts two important questions: why and exactly how was the Altar Stone transported from the very north of Scotland, a distance of more than 700 kilometres, to Stonehenge?”
While the research does not provide direct evidence about how the Altar Stone got to its world-famous location in Wiltshire, the revelation that it travelled so far will raise questions about its journey given the limits of human technology during Neolithic times.
Professor Nick Pearce from Aberystwyth University added:
“This stone has travelled an awful long way – at least 700 km – and this is the longest recorded journey for any stone used in a monument at that period. The distance travelled is astonishing for the time. While the purpose of our new, empirical research was not to answer the question of how it got there, there are obvious physical barriers to transporting by land, but a daunting journey if going by sea. There’s no doubt that this Scottish source shows a high level of societal organisation in the British Isles during the period. These findings will have huge ramifications for understanding communities in Neolithic times, their levels of connectivity and their transport systems.
“Hopefully, people will now start to look at the Altar Stone in a slightly different context in terms of how and when it got to Stonehenge, and where it came from. I am sure this will lead to some new thinking about the development of Stonehenge and its links to the rest of Neolithic Britain.”
The new research builds on findings published by Aberystwyth University and UCL researchers last year in the Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports that cast doubt on the Altar Stone’s Welsh origins, and suggested that it should not be classified as a bluestone.
This study was supported by a Leverhulme Trust Emeritus Fellowship, Salisbury Museum and Amgueddfa Cymru – Museum Wales and funded by an Australian Research Council Discovery Project. It was a collaboration between Aberystwyth University, Curtin University, the University of Adelaide, and UCL.
Crime
Farming company fined £19,000 for damaging protected wildlife site
A CARDIGAN farming company has been ordered to pay almost £20,000 after recklessly damaging a Site of Special Scientific Interest.
Jenkins Ty Hen Ltd, run by David Glyn Jenkins and William Lloyd Jenkins, of Ty Hen, Verwig, admitted damaging the Llwyn Ysgaw, Caeau Crug Bychan and Ty Gwyn SSSI through the unauthorised use of manure, slurry, fertilisers and lime.
The offences took place between June 21 and July 31, 2024.
The court heard that Natural Resources Wales had repeatedly warned the company about how the protected land should be managed.
Aled Watkins, prosecuting for NRW, said an agreement made in 2004 made clear that the landowners needed written consent before carrying out certain activities on the site, including the use of slurry, herbicides, pesticides, fertiliser or lime.
He said: “A significant amount of guidance, advice and warnings has been directed to the company over a substantial period of time, as there have been problems before.”
The court was told advice had been given in 2017, with further discussions in 2021. Further problems were identified in 2024, leading to advice letters and then a formal warning in June that year.
Mr Watkins said: “Even after the letters were sent, no consent request was made.
“The common sense conclusion was that, where the original agreement was clear and advice had been given years prior, this was a deliberate act by the landowners of spreading slurry on the SSSI.”
Jenkins Ty Hen Ltd pleaded guilty to intentionally or recklessly destroying or damaging flora on the protected site, contrary to the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
The company also admitted permitting the use of manure, slurry, silage liquor, fertiliser or lime without written consent from NRW, knowing it was likely to damage rare flora and fauna as well as geological and physiographical features.
Defending, solicitor Harry Dickens said the company had not deliberately set out to damage the land.
“This is more akin to the business damaging the land rather than setting out within their practices to do that damage,” he said.
He added that various contractors were used at the farm and were not always aware of the regulations.
“The defendants did not go out intentionally to harm the flora and fauna,” he said.
“Yes, they had foresight of the warnings and the previous agreement, but this is more akin to wilful blindness rather than going out intending to damage the land. It was not a flagrant disregard.
“The defendants were not loutish in their usage of the land, they are not vandals, they have not been silent and neither have they stonewalled NRW.”
Mr Dickens said the farmers accepted the need to restore the land and were keen to work productively with the authorities.
District Judge Mark Layton said Jenkins Ty Hen Ltd had breached NRW requirements.
“They spread fertilisers, herbicides and slurry on the land which was a breach,” he said.
“This was clearly a deliberate act of culpability and a complete disregard after already being given advice and warnings.”
The court heard the company’s most recent financial turnover was just over £1.6m. It was described by the defence as a micro-business.
Jenkins Ty Hen Ltd was ordered to pay £19,940.66, made up of a £9,000 fine, £8,940.66 costs to NRW and a £2,000 surcharge.
A restoration order was also made requiring work to improve the quality of the damaged SSSI land.
News
Game of Thrones star urges voters to back anti-DARC parties
ACTOR Jerome Flynn has urged voters in Wales to back parties opposed to the proposed DARC radar scheme at Cawdor Barracks, saying the issue could be decided by the next Welsh Government.
The Pembrokeshire-based Game of Thrones star, also known for Soldier Soldier and Robson & Jerome, made the appeal in a video released by PARC Against DARC on Tuesday (May 5), just two days before polling day in the Senedd election.
Radar row enters election campaign
Flynn urged voters in Ceredigion Penfro and across Wales to support Plaid Cymru or the Green Party, saying both parties had pledged to oppose the project.
The Ministry of Defence has submitted a planning application to Pembrokeshire County Council for 27 radar antennas and associated infrastructure at Cawdor Barracks, near Brawdy.
The scheme forms part of the Deep Space Advanced Radar Capability programme, linked to the AUKUS defence partnership between the UK, US and Australia.
The MOD says DARC would help detect, identify and track objects in Earth orbit, supporting military and civilian satellite security.
Opponents claim the radar would industrialise part of the Pembrokeshire countryside, damage the setting of the national park, and increase the area’s military significance.
Flynn says project ‘not a done deal’
In the video, Flynn described the election as “probably the most crucial vote we’ve made in 25 years”.
He claimed the next Senedd could play a decisive role in the future of the project, saying: “I’m here to say, it’s not a done deal because Plaid Cymru and the Greens have both made party-led decisions to say no to Westminster.
“We’re not having such a thing on our beloved coast.”
Flynn also described St Davids as “the spiritual home of Wales” and criticised what he called “the most unspeakably abominable planning application” on the edge of the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park.
Campaign steps up pressure
PARC Against DARC said it welcomed Flynn’s intervention and said it had distributed 22,000 leaflets around Pembrokeshire in recent weeks.
The campaign group said First Minister Eluned Morgan’s recent comments on the scheme did not go far enough.
A spokesperson said: “While Eluned Morgan has come out in the final hour to call for DARC to be halted, we fear this does not go nearly far enough.
“Plaid Cymru and the Green Party have both made it their national party policy to oppose and stop DARC, so we have no doubt of the authenticity of their commitment.”
The group is also urging residents to submit objections to Pembrokeshire County Council before the current publicity period ends on May 20.
Welsh Government role
Campaigners say the next Welsh Government could intervene by “calling in” the planning application, meaning Welsh ministers would take responsibility for deciding it rather than leaving the final decision with Pembrokeshire County Council.
That possibility has made DARC a significant local election issue in Ceredigion Penfro, where Eluned Morgan is Labour’s lead candidate, Elin Jones leads the Plaid Cymru list, and Amy Nicholass heads the Green Party list.
Under the new Senedd voting system, voters will elect six Members of the Senedd for the constituency using a proportional list system.
PARC Against DARC said this meant there was “far less need for tactical voting” and argued that voters opposed to the radar could support either Plaid Cymru or the Greens.
Wider concerns
Campaigners have repeatedly claimed that the radar would make Pembrokeshire a potential military target and draw Wales further into US military strategy.
They also say the project raises environmental, health, democratic and security concerns.
Supporters of the scheme argue that space monitoring is becoming increasingly important as satellites are used for communications, navigation, defence and emergency infrastructure.
Flynn ended his video by saying: “Vote with your heart because we can make a difference here, we could put in a government that cares about our land, our people and our environment.”
Whatever the outcome of Thursday’s election, the intervention by one of Pembrokeshire’s best-known residents is likely to keep the DARC controversy high on the political agenda.
News
Landlords in Wales face new anti-discrimination laws
New rules from June 1 will make it unlawful to refuse renters because they have children or receive benefits
LANDLORDS in Wales are being warned to prepare for new anti-discrimination laws which come into force at the beginning of June.
From Monday, June 1, it will be unlawful for landlords and letting agents to discriminate against prospective contract-holders because they have children or receive benefits.
The change follows the Renters’ Rights Act 2025, which mainly reforms renting law in England, but also extends key anti-discrimination protections into Wales.
The Welsh provisions will be incorporated into the Renting Homes framework and will apply to occupation contracts. Unlike the civil penalty regime used in England, breaches in Wales may amount to a criminal offence, with enforcement handled by local authorities and cases dealt with through the courts.
What landlords cannot do
From June 1, landlords and agents must not deter people from applying for a property because they have children or receive benefits.
They must also not refuse or restrict access to viewings, prevent prospective tenants from receiving information about a property, or exclude them from entering into an occupation contract on those grounds.
The measures are aimed at ending blanket “no children” or “no benefits” policies, which campaigners have long argued unfairly shut families and low-income households out of the private rented sector.
Landlords will still be allowed to carry out affordability checks and assess whether a property is suitable. For example, a landlord may still decide that a particular room or property is physically unsuitable for children, but the decision must be based on the property itself rather than a blanket ban.
Paperwork deadline
Under the new rules, landlords will need to issue either a new occupation contract or a statement of variation to reflect the changes.
The statement can be served up to fourteen days after the rules take effect, meaning landlords should act by June 14.
Leading North Wales estate and lettings agent Cavendish, which has offices in Mold and Ruthin, says it has been advising landlords ahead of the deadline.
Nicola Blake, Operations Director at Cavendish, said: “While much of the focus in recent months has been on the introduction of the Renters’ Rights Act in England, some of the changes are also impacting Wales.
“As of June 1, landlords in Wales will be subject to stringent anti-discrimination laws and failure to adhere to the new legislation could result in a criminal prosecution.”
She added: “This is a significant change for landlords in Wales, and we are helping our clients to be ready well ahead of the deadline, completing the required paperwork and ensuring they are fully compliant.”
Landlord seminar
Cavendish will hold a seminar later this year for landlords in Wales, covering legislative changes and advice on managing and improving property portfolios.
The event will take place on Monday, October 26, at Theatr Clwyd. Cavendish recently became a Gold Member of the Mold arts venue.
Cavendish was established in 1993 by Julian Adams, the firm’s chairman, and his then business partner Robert Ikin.
The company now employs more than thirty people across estate agency and lettings, with offices in Mold, Ruthin and Chester. It says it helps more than 600 homeowners move each year and manages around 650 properties.
-
News5 hours agoBaby in critical condition after Fishguard emergency
-
Community5 days agoDogs removed after welfare concerns at Milford Haven property
-
Crime6 days agoPembrokeshire hairdresser avoids prison after pub assault
-
Crime6 days agoPembrokeshire man charged with making hundreds of indecent images of children
-
Charity6 days agoRow erupts at Spitfire museum after Reform poster displayed at charity premises
-
Business6 days agoHandcrafted garden furniture built to last across Pembrokeshire
-
Community6 days agoCancer patients targeted with parking fines outside Haverfordwest support centre
-
Community23 hours agoTenby phone signal crisis goes national as businesses warn of summer disruption











