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Covid Inquiry: Welsh Government’s pandemic response under fire

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Inquiry told failures in testing and tracing cost lives and left Wales unprepared

THE UK Covid Inquiry has begun its latest public hearings with stark criticism of the UK and devolved governments’ handling of testing, tracing and isolation strategies during the coronavirus pandemic. On the opening day of Module 7, which focuses on “Test, Trace and Isolate” (TTI) systems, serious concerns were raised about the Welsh Government’s effectiveness, coordination, and long-term preparedness.

Covid pandemic: Council staff in Tenby in 2020 (Image: File)

Sophie Cartwright KC, lead counsel to the Inquiry, laid out a damning picture of systemic disarray across the four nations, including Wales. She highlighted that despite early warnings and international advice, the Welsh Government did not fully roll out its Test, Trace, Protect strategy until mid-May 2020, by which time the virus had already swept through communities.

The Inquiry heard that on 12 March 2020, all four UK nations, including Wales, stopped community testing and contact tracing—despite the World Health Organization’s call to “test, test, test.” Professor Chris Whitty, the Chief Medical Officer, told a COBR meeting that day that mass testing and tracing would no longer be pursued, even as infections surged.

The result was, as Cartwright put it, a “disastrous blind spot” in surveillance and control. While countries like South Korea and Japan avoided national lockdowns through robust test-and-isolate systems, the UK suffered repeated waves. Professor Anthony Costello estimated that over 180,000 deaths might have been prevented had the UK adopted similar strategies.

Emotional testimony: Anna-Louise Marsh-Rees

Anna-Louise Marsh-Rees, who gave emotional evidence, represents Covid Bereaved Families for Justice Cymru. She spoke on behalf of families in Wales who lost loved ones due to what they describe as “avoidable government failings.” Her testimony underscored the human impact of delays in testing, isolation support and communication failures.

Lack of preparedness and ignored lessons

Anna-Louise Marsh-Rees, representing Covid Bereaved Families for Justice Cymru, criticised the Welsh Government for failing to act on pandemic preparedness plans. She highlighted that Exercise Shipshape, a 2003 SARS simulation involving Wales, had already identified the importance of being able to test, trace and isolate effectively. Yet, none of those lessons were implemented. Marsh-Rees said there was a clear failure to build resilient infrastructure and no meaningful contingency planning, despite numerous simulations and warnings.

Testing failures and wave two disaster

Marsh-Rees gave a stark account of the absence of routine and repeat testing during the second wave of Covid-19 in Wales. She revealed that repeat testing of patients wasn’t introduced until January 2021, and even then only every five days—compared to every three in England. Worse, healthcare workers were not regularly tested until February or March 2021, despite lateral flow tests being available from November 2020. She stated bluntly that this oversight contributed to Wales having the highest rate of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections in the UK, calling it one of the group’s most heartbreaking concerns.

A sense the Welsh Government didn’t want to know

In her closing remarks, Marsh-Rees accused the Welsh Government of appearing as though it did not want to know if people were testing positive, implying that awareness would have triggered obligations to act. She pointed out that 178 people had contracted Covid in Welsh hospitals just last week, five years into the pandemic. “Testing has been forgotten—or proactively not undertaken,” she said. “It’s like a concerted effort not to find out.” Her testimony called for an internationally informed overhaul of public health strategy and an end to political point scoring in future pandemic response.

Missed opportunities in Wales

Wales launched its Test, Trace, Protect plan on 13 May 2020. Then Health Minister Vaughan Gething promised increased capacity and localised response. But the Inquiry was told that testing capacity remained limited, with many key functions outsourced to UK-wide services like Lighthouse Labs and delivery partners like Amazon, rather than utilising existing NHS and university laboratories in Wales.

A submission from the Royal College of Pathologists noted that many NHS and academic labs in the UK were sidelined, despite offering higher quality and faster results than the private facilities that were favoured instead. The Microbiology Society echoed these concerns, saying the government did not properly engage with universities and local experts in Wales and elsewhere.

The Inquiry heard that by mid-2020, Wales had access to six drive-through test centres, eight mobile units and a handful of community testing sites—but by then the damage had already been done.

Support for isolating ‘too little, too late’

The Welsh Government’s Self-Isolation Support Scheme, launched in November 2020, was described as well-intentioned but too slow in implementation. Earlier schemes in Northern Ireland and England had started months prior.

Evidence submitted highlighted how economic necessity led many to avoid testing to avoid losing income. “I remember people saying, ‘I can’t test because if I test and I’m positive, I can’t work,’” one person told the Inquiry.

Anna-Louise Marsh-Rees, representing Covid Bereaved Families for Justice Cymru, will give impact evidence later this week, speaking on behalf of families in Wales who lost loved ones due to what they describe as “avoidable government failings.”

Infrastructure dismantled

Lord Bethell, who had responsibility for TTI at UK level, warned that the UK is now less prepared than ever for a future pandemic, with testing labs dismantled, data systems shut down, and public health infrastructure “weaker than ever.”

The Inquiry continues this week with further evidence from bereaved families, scientists, and public health experts from across the UK.

Lady Hallett opened the TTI hearings on Monday (Pic: Covid Inquiry)

 

Health

Decision pending on adult mental health referral pathway

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HYWEL DDA University Health Board will decide next week whether to make changes to the GP referral pathway for routine adult mental health services permanent.

The decision will be taken at a public Board meeting on Thursday (Mar 26).

Board members will consider a proposal to formalise changes already introduced in Ceredigion and, if approved, roll out the revised pathway across Pembrokeshire and Carmarthenshire.

Since March 2025, adults in Ceredigion seeking routine mental health support have been advised by their GP to contact the NHS 111 Wales ‘Press 2’ service, rather than being referred directly to the county’s Community Mental Health Team.

The temporary change was introduced in response to ongoing staffing shortages. Health Board officials say the approach has helped maintain timely access to face-to-face assessments for those who need them, while directing initial contact through a single access point.

The 111 ‘Press 2’ service provides telephone assessments by local wellbeing practitioners, supervised by registered mental health nurses, offering advice, support and onward referrals where required.

At its November 2025 meeting, the Board agreed to extend the temporary pathway until the end of March 2026. A nine-week engagement exercise followed, running from December 8 to February 9, to gather feedback from patients, professionals and stakeholders on the potential long-term impact.

Andrew Carruthers, Chief Operating Officer at Hywel Dda University Health Board, said: “I would like to thank everyone who took the time to share their views and experiences.

“I would also like to thank West Wales Action for Mental Health for supporting engagement with patients, including those with lived experience, alongside GPs, primary care teams, mental health staff and third sector partners.

“Our priority is to ensure mental health services remain accessible, fair and sustainable. The temporary changes in Ceredigion have shown some positive benefits, and the feedback we have received from across the three counties will play an important role in shaping the Board’s decision.”

The Board will review all evidence and feedback before making a final decision on the future of the adult mental health referral pathway.

GPs will continue to refer patients with urgent or complex needs directly to community mental health teams where appropriate, and have access to a dedicated NHS 111 professional line for additional clinical advice.

Further details, including the full Board papers, are available here:
https://biphdd.gig.cymru/amdanom-ni/eich-bwrdd-iechyd/cyfarfodydd-y-bwrdd-2026/agenda-a-phapuraur-bwrdd-26-mawrth-2026/

The meeting will be streamed live from 9:30am on Thursday (Mar 26) via:
www.youtube.com/hywelddahealthboard1

 

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Health

Parents urged to check children’s vaccinations after meningitis cases

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Local pharmacy reports MenB vaccine shortage amid rising concern

PARENTS and carers across west Wales are being urged to check their children’s vaccination status following recent meningitis cases in the UK.

The warning comes as a local pharmacy has confirmed a shortage of the Meningitis B (MenB) vaccine, highlighting growing pressure on supplies.

Mendus Pharmacy said it currently has no availability of the vaccine due to what it described as a nationwide supply issue.

Mendus Pharmacy: No availability of the vaccine

In a statement, the pharmacy said: “We would like to inform our patients that, due to ongoing supply issues, we currently have no availability of the Meningitis B vaccine.

“Unfortunately, this is a nationwide shortage and all stock is currently unavailable.

“We understand this may be particularly concerning given the recent outbreak reported in Kent, and we completely appreciate the importance of timely vaccination.”

The pharmacy confirmed it is operating a waiting list and will contact patients once supplies return.

Health officials say keeping vaccinations up to date remains one of the most effective ways to prevent serious illness and reduce pressure on NHS services.

Dr Ardiana Gjini, Executive Director of Public Health at Hywel Dda University Health Board, urged parents to act.

She said: “Vaccination is one of the most effective ways we can protect children and young people from serious illness.

“Ensuring your child is fully vaccinated not only safeguards their health but also helps prevent the spread of infections within our communities.

“I strongly encourage all parents and carers to check their child’s vaccination status. If you are concerned that your child may have missed routine vaccinations, please speak to your GP.”

Meningococcal disease is a serious and potentially life-threatening infection that can lead to meningitis or septicaemia. While many people recover, some are left with long-term physical, neurological or psychological complications. Around one in ten cases can be fatal.

Although the disease can affect anyone, babies, young children, teenagers and young adults are at greatest risk.

In Wales, vaccines protecting against meningococcal strains A, B, C, W and Y are offered as part of the NHS immunisation programme. Infants receive the MenB vaccine, while teenagers are offered the MenACWY vaccine.

Latest figures from the Health Board show that uptake among 16-year-olds for the MenACWY vaccine stands at 76.4%, meaning a significant number of young people remain unprotected as they approach adulthood.

For younger children, uptake of the MenB vaccine is higher but still below the recommended 95% target. Around 92.8% of infants are vaccinated by their first birthday, rising slightly to 91.8% by their second.

Health officials say these figures reflect strong engagement from families and primary care teams but stress that continued vigilance is needed.

Families are being advised to check their child’s vaccination record with their GP or by contacting the Health Board directly. Parents should also ensure babies receive their scheduled MenB doses and that teenagers receive their MenACWY and 3-in-1 booster vaccines, which are currently being delivered in schools.

Parents are also urged to remain alert to the symptoms of meningitis and septicaemia and to seek urgent medical advice if they have concerns.

Further information on symptoms is available via NHS 111 Wales.

 

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Health

NHS ‘on brink of collapse’ during Covid as inquiry exposes failures

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Wales warned to act fast as damning report reveals staff trauma, delayed care and deadly gaps

THE UK’s healthcare system came perilously close to collapse during the Covid-19 pandemic, a major public inquiry has found, with Wales now facing pressure to act on urgent recommendations.

A landmark report published on Thursday (Mar 19) lays bare the scale of the crisis, concluding that hospitals across the UK – including in Wales – were pushed to “intolerable strain”, with some patients receiving lower levels of care and others left untreated altogether.

The findings come as First Minister Eluned Morgan welcomed the report and confirmed the Welsh Government will respond within six months.

Flawed response: Investigators identified serious failings in how the pandemic was handled

System “ill-prepared” for pandemic

The inquiry found the UK entered the pandemic in a weakened state, with staff shortages, too few hospital beds, and ageing infrastructure already placing pressure on services.

Healthcare systems “coped, but only just,” the report states, warning that collapse was only avoided due to the “almost superhuman efforts” of NHS staff.

Many workers suffered severe mental health impacts, with burnout and post-traumatic stress widespread across the workforce.

Patients died alone

Among the most distressing findings was the impact of strict hospital visiting rules.

Thousands of patients died without family by their side, while relatives were often forced to say goodbye over the phone or by text.

The report highlights how restrictions, though intended to save lives, caused lasting trauma for families across Wales and the UK.

Covid-19: Healthcare systems “coped, but only just,” the report states

Missed treatment and cancer delays

The inquiry also exposes the devastating knock-on effect on non-Covid care.

Planned operations were cancelled, screening programmes paused, and patients avoided hospitals out of fear – leading to delayed diagnoses and, in some cases, avoidable deaths.

Cancer treatment performance worsened, with late diagnoses contributing to increased mortality.

“Fundamental flaws” in response

Investigators identified serious failings in how the pandemic was handled, including:

  • Early guidance that underestimated airborne transmission
  • Shortages of PPE, leaving staff exposed
  • Poor communication with vulnerable patients
  • Inadequate planning for emergency and critical care capacity

These issues, the report says, put both patients and staff at greater risk.

Ambulances overwhelmed: The report warns future pandemics could see similar failures unless urgent reforms are made

NHS 111 and ambulances overwhelmed

Emergency systems also struggled to cope.

Demand for NHS 111 surged beyond capacity, while ambulance delays increased – even for life-threatening calls.

The report warns future pandemics could see similar failures unless urgent reforms are made.

Long Covid and hidden impact

The long-term effects of Covid are still being felt, with inconsistent care for Long Covid patients and ongoing uncertainty around treatment.

Meanwhile, millions of people who needed routine care remain affected by the backlog created during the pandemic.

Eluned Morgan: Acknowledged the significant impact on patients, staff and families

Welsh Government response

First Minister Eluned Morgan said the Welsh Government would respond “openly and constructively” to the findings.

She acknowledged the significant impact on patients, staff and families and confirmed Wales will address the inquiry’s recommendations within the required six-month timeframe.

Urgent warnings for the future

The inquiry makes ten key recommendations, including:

  • Expanding hospital and emergency capacity
  • Improving infection control guidance
  • Strengthening support for healthcare workers
  • Better data systems to identify vulnerable patients

It warns that without action, the NHS may not withstand the next pandemic.

“We may not be so lucky next time”

In one of the report’s starkest conclusions, Baroness Hallett warned that healthcare systems came dangerously close to failure.

If the crisis had lasted longer – or hit harder – the NHS could have collapsed entirely.

The message is clear: Wales and the UK must prepare now, or risk repeating the same mistakes.

 

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