Farming

Ministers raise inheritance tax threshold for farmers after months of protest

Published

5 months ago

December 23, 2025

THE UK GOVERNMENT has increased the inheritance tax relief threshold for farmers from £1 million to £2.5 million, following months of pressure from the agricultural sector and widespread protests across the country.

The change marks a significant retreat from reforms first announced in Labour’s initial Budget last year, which had proposed limiting full inheritance tax relief on agricultural and business assets to the first £1 million.

Under the revised plans, due to take effect from April, individuals will be able to pass on up to £2.5 million in qualifying agricultural or business assets without paying inheritance tax. For married couples and civil partners, the combined allowance will rise to £5 million.

Assets above that level will attract 50% relief, meaning an effective inheritance tax rate of up to 20%, rather than the standard 40%.

According to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), the revised threshold will reduce the number of estates affected by inheritance tax from around 2,000 under the original proposals to approximately 1,100, with the impact largely confined to the biggest farming operations.

The original plans sparked widespread anger within the farming community, including tractor protests outside Parliament, criticism from rural Labour MPs, and warnings from Baroness Minette Batters, the former NFU president, who said the proposals had caused severe distress among farming families.

Announcing the change, Environment Secretary Emma Reynolds said ministers had “listened closely” to concerns raised by farmers and rural businesses.

“Farmers are at the heart of our food security and environmental stewardship,” she said. “We are increasing the individual threshold from £1 million to £2.5 million, which means couples with estates of up to £5 million will now pay no inheritance tax.

“It is only right that larger estates contribute more, while we protect the family farms that underpin rural communities.”

The National Farmers’ Union welcomed the announcement. NFU president Tom Bradshaw said the move would be a “huge relief” for many farming families and acknowledged the pressure placed on elderly farmers by the original proposals.

***Welsh Conservative Shadow Farm Minister Samuel Kurtz***

In Wales, the change was also welcomed, though concerns remain about longer-term pressures on the sector.

The Welsh Deputy First Minister with responsibility for rural affairs, Huw Irranca-Davies, said the Welsh Government had repeatedly raised concerns with Westminster.

“Small and medium-sized family farms play a crucial role in Wales’ economy, culture and language,” he said. “We welcome this announcement and will continue discussions with farming unions and the UK Government on its impact here in Wales.”

Farmers’ Union of Wales president Ian Rickman described the move as a “welcome early Christmas present” after months of uncertainty.

“The initial proposals caused untold anxiety and damaged confidence across the rural economy,” he said. “While we remain frustrated by how these reforms were handled, the revised threshold provides much-needed relief at a difficult time for Welsh farming.”

Opposition parties, however, said the changes did not go far enough.

Conservative leader Kemi Badenoch described the move as a “huge U-turn” and said other family businesses remained exposed. Liberal Democrat MP David Chadwick called the concession “hard won” but warned that many farms would still struggle financially, adding that his party would continue pushing for the tax to be scrapped entirely.

Reform UK deputy leader Richard Tice said the climbdown did little to undo “a year of anxiety” for farmers, while Plaid Cymru’s Llyr Gruffydd MS said the episode highlighted “chaos” within the UK Government and accused ministers of causing unnecessary harm to family farms.

Welsh Conservative Shadow Farm Minister Samuel Kurtz said the policy shift came “too late”, adding that wider issues — including bovine TB, nitrate regulations and uncertainty over the Sustainable Farming Scheme — continued to place pressure on Welsh agriculture.

While the revised threshold has eased immediate concerns for many farming families, the debate over inheritance tax, farm succession and the long-term sustainability of British and Welsh agriculture is far from over.

Farming

Imported meat bill hits £5bn as Co-op calls for stronger backing for UK farmers

Published

6 days ago

May 5, 2026

Tom Sinclair

RISING IMPORTS RAISE FOOD SECURITY CONCERNS

THE CO-OP has called for stronger government support for British farmers after new figures showed the UK’s imported meat bill rose to more than £5bn last year.

HMRC data obtained by the retailer shows the value of meat imported into the UK increased by 15 per cent year-on-year, from £4.33bn in 2024 to £5.06bn in 2025.

The Co-op said the figures raised fresh concerns about the resilience of Britain’s food system at a time of climate change, global conflict and disruption to international supply chains.

Poultry was the most imported protein, worth almost £2bn in 2025. Poland and the Netherlands accounted for the largest share, while poultry imports from Thailand rose by almost 50 per cent compared with the previous year.

The retailer, which says it sells and uses 100 per cent British meat and poultry, said the UK’s growing reliance on overseas supply chains left shoppers and farmers more exposed to global shocks.

It is now backing proposals from the Co-operative Party calling for agricultural co-operatives to be scaled up and better supported as part of the Government’s long-term farming plans.

The policy paper argues that farmer-owned co-operatives can help producers share costs, reduce risk, invest collectively and secure stronger bargaining power in the food supply chain.

There are currently estimated to be more than 500 agricultural co-operatives in the UK, generating income of more than £9bn.

Paul Gerrard, Director of Public Affairs and Campaigns at Co-op, said: “The issue of supply chain resilience is upon us now and there is a clear and demonstrable benefit to the co-operative business model in agriculture.

“An expansion of agricultural co-operation is both an economic opportunity and a political imperative: it directly addresses the need for a more secure and sustainable food system, one less exposed to the volatility of global markets and the instability in a rapidly changing world.”

Joe Fortune, Leader of the Co-operative Party, said co-operation was “a form of strategic resilience” and called on Government to help grow the sector.

The party’s proposals include clearer government guidance for farmers, stronger representation for co-operatives in policy-making, improved access to finance, support for producer organisations, and greater use of public procurement to back British farming.

Farming

Badger Trust urges next Welsh Government to keep non-lethal TB policy

Published

1 week ago

April 30, 2026

Tom Sinclair

Charity says Wales should continue science-led approach as bovine TB cases fall

BADGER Trust has called on the next Welsh Government to maintain a science-led and non-lethal approach to tackling bovine tuberculosis.

The charity says Wales should continue to focus on cattle testing, farm biosecurity and support for farmers, rather than wildlife intervention.

According to Badger Trust, bovine TB cases in Wales had fallen by 13.6% by the end of 2025, without any wildlife culling. It said this compared with a 5% fall in England over the same period.

The charity said 5.3% of cattle herds in Wales were not officially TB-free at the end of 2025, down 0.4 percentage points on the previous year. It said 567 new herd incidents were recorded during the year, alongside a 27% reduction in early cattle slaughter.

Badger Trust said bovine TB remains a serious threat to cattle health, but argued that the best response is a cattle-focused policy, including more frequent and enhanced testing, improved farm hygiene, and non-slaughter options for cattle testing positive.

The charity said: “The premature culling of cattle due to a failed bovine TB test is outdated and unnecessary. Instead, strict segregation is an effective alternative.

“The main focus must be on eliminating the reservoir of bovine TB in the national herd in preparation for cattle vaccination.”

Badger Trust also argued that bovine TB can remain dormant in cattle and in the environment for long periods before being detected, which can lead to mistaken assumptions that infection has entered a closed herd from wildlife.

It said the disease can also be spread through contaminated vehicles, workwear, manure and slurry if proper biosecurity measures are not followed.

The charity added: “Focusing on badgers distracts from the real issue, as DNA testing shows that 94-95% of bovine TB infections are transmitted directly between cattle.

“The only effective way to combat bovine TB is to address it at its source: within the cattle population.”

Badger Trust is urging the next Welsh Government to “hold its nerve” and continue with a science-led, evidence-based, non-lethal policy.

Nigel Palmer, Chief Executive of Badger Trust, said the charity wanted Wales to continue “leading by example” in its approach to tackling the disease.

Badger Trust says it welcomes the end of intensive badger culling licences in England in 2026, but remains opposed to presenting badger vaccination as the main solution to bovine TB. It argues that improved cattle testing and stronger farm biosecurity offer a more effective and humane way forward.

The charity also warned that badgers face a separate threat from changes linked to the Planning and Infrastructure Bill, which it says could weaken protections for badger setts in development areas.

Badger Trust is the leading voice for badgers in England and Wales and works through a network of local badger groups. Its Badgers Belong Here campaign promotes badger protection and public education.

Farming

FUW warns food security must be treated as national security

Published

1 week ago

April 30, 2026

Tom Sinclair

Union says rising fuel and fertiliser costs are putting pressure on farmers and food supply chains

THE FARMERS’ Union of Wales has warned that food security must be treated as a UK-wide priority as global instability continues to drive up costs for farmers.

FUW President Ian Rickman and Deputy President Dai Miles met Defra Minister for Food Security and Rural Affairs Dame Angela Eagle MP in Westminster to discuss the impact of international events on farming, production costs and the resilience of food supplies.

They were also joined by Wales Office Minister Anna McMorrin MP.

The union said the ongoing conflict in the Middle East and Gulf region had added significant pressure to key agricultural inputs and energy costs.

According to the FUW, fertiliser prices, particularly urea and ammonium nitrate, have risen by between 20% and 30% since the escalation of the conflict.

The union is calling for greater transparency around fertiliser stocks and distribution across the UK.

Fuel costs have also risen sharply, with the FUW saying red diesel has effectively doubled in price in some cases. Wider agricultural fuel and energy costs are continuing to rise across the sector, placing further pressure on farm businesses already operating on tight margins.

The union warned that these cost increases are feeding through the entire food supply chain, affecting production, transport, processing and manufacturing, and are likely to contribute further to food price inflation.

The FUW repeated its call for a UK-wide legislative food security metric, which it says should be taken forward by the next Welsh Government in collaboration with the UK Government.

It said food security is a cross-UK issue, affecting all four nations because of the closely integrated nature of agri-food supply chains.

The union also pointed to recent government evidence, including Defra’s 2024 Food Security Report and its 2025 national security assessment on biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse.

It said these highlighted long-term risks to food production, including climate change, nature decline, animal and plant disease, supply chain disruption and exposure to volatile global markets.

FUW President Ian Rickman said: “We welcomed the opportunity to meet Minister Eagle and Minister McMorrin, and highlight the continued impact of recent global instability on Welsh farmers.

“Food security is national security, and recent global instability has made that clearer than ever.

“Farmers are facing surging cost pressures, particularly from fertilisers and sharply rising fuel costs such as red diesel, which in some cases have doubled.

“These are forces far beyond their control, yet they directly threaten the resilience of our food system.

“We urgently need a coordinated UK-wide approach that recognises the strategic importance of domestic food production and reduces our exposure to volatile international markets.

“With that must come regular and meaningful engagement between Defra and agricultural stakeholders across the UK, including the FUW, particularly on policy areas that remain reserved to the UK Government.”