Health
NHS Wales workforce crisis: Audit Wales report highlights key challenges
A NEW report from Audit Wales has exposed critical workforce challenges in NHS Wales, citing gaps in workforce planning, recruitment and retention difficulties, and ongoing reliance on temporary staff. Despite some progress in reducing agency spending and sickness absence rates, the healthcare system remains under strain, with concerns over leadership, data collection, and long-term sustainability.
Workforce planning shortcomings

Audit Wales identifies significant flaws in workforce data collection, making it difficult for NHS Wales to effectively plan for future demands. The lack of accurate, up-to-date data hinders efforts to address shortages and distribute resources efficiently.
The report also raises concerns over unclear national oversight, leading to inconsistent workforce planning across different health boards. There is no single entity fully accountable for ensuring a sustainable workforce, contributing to fragmented decision-making.
Persistent recruitment and retention struggles
Despite recruitment initiatives, NHS Wales continues to face staffing shortages, particularly in specialist medical fields and general practice. Doctors and nurses leave the profession due to stress, burnout, and lack of career progression opportunities. The retention crisis is worsening existing pressures on remaining staff, who are forced to work longer hours under increasingly challenging conditions.
Reliance on temporary staff still a concern

While NHS Wales has reduced its reliance on agency workers, the expenditure on temporary staff remains substantial, putting pressure on budgets. Health boards are still heavily dependent on locums and bank staff to fill gaps, leading to inconsistencies in patient care.
Audit Wales Report calls for “collective action”

Audit Wales has published a report today detailing the workforce challenges at the heart of the Welsh NHS, calling for “collective action”, highlighting a reliance on “expensive” agency staff to “plug gaps in the workforce”.
Auditor General for Wales, Adrian Crompton, stated that “the NHS in Wales continues to face significant workforce challenges” and that service demand “is expected to grow further”.
The report highlights over 5,600 vacancies in NHS Wales, with over 10% of medical and dental posts currently unfilled. While agency staff expenditure has decreased, it still cost the NHS £262 million in 2023-24. The growing workforce is welcome but comes at a financial cost, with NHS staffing costs rising by 62% since 2017-18, reaching £5.23 billion in 2023-24. The report raises concerns over whether continued workforce expansion is financially sustainable in the long term.
BMA Cymru Wales criticism
In response to the report, BMA Cymru Wales issued a statement on February 18, 2024, emphasizing that workforce gaps have been highlighted for over a decade, yet progress remains slow.
Dr Iona Collins, chair of the BMA’s Welsh Council, said: “Despite highlighting the need for an all-Wales workforce strategy, we have yet to see the necessary improvements in data collection to inform an appropriate long-term plan.”
The BMA argues that staff shortages contribute to delays in surgery and lengthening waiting lists, causing avoidable harm to patients. They also point out that Wales has fewer doctors per head of population compared to the rest of the UK, exacerbating service pressures.
Welsh Conservatives criticise Labour Government

Welsh Conservative James Evans MS has criticised the Welsh Labour Government for failing to bring forward a substantial workforce plan to meet the needs of the Welsh NHS and the public.
Commenting, Welsh Conservative Shadow Cabinet Secretary for Health and Social Care, James Evans MS, said: “The Welsh Labour Government have comprehensively failed to bring forward the substantial workforce plan that the Welsh NHS needs to serve the public.”
“Without proper planning, we remain stuck in a perpetual cycle of less money being available to repair the foundations of the NHS, because disproportionate funding is going towards costly agency staff.”
“Welsh Conservatives will bring forward the recruitment and retention plan needed to fix the Welsh NHS, because Wales deserves better than this Welsh Labour Government.”
Impact on patient care
The consequences of the workforce crisis are already affecting patient care, with reports of longer waiting times, postponed surgeries, and staff shortages in key areas. The current workforce struggles are leading to avoidable harm for patients, as well as knock-on effects on their families and employers.
Calls for immediate action
The Audit Wales report calls for a comprehensive, long-term workforce strategy to address these challenges. Recommendations include:
- Better workforce data collection and planning
- Stronger leadership and accountability at a national level
- More investment in training and retention strategies
- Reducing dependency on agency staff through improved workforce stability
- Developing a clear long-term educational and funding plan to ensure NHS Wales can retain the staff it trains
- Creating a sustainable workforce model for social care to better integrate services
The report highlights the lack of clarity over system leadership arrangements, making workforce planning even more challenging. Health Education and Improvement Wales (HEIW) plays a key role, but its relationship with other NHS workforce organisations needs to be clarified. Workforce planning is also hindered by gaps in data and uncertainty about the future of health and care services.
With mounting pressures on NHS Wales, swift action is essential to prevent further deterioration in services. The Welsh Government is now under pressure to respond decisively to these findings and implement sustainable solutions to support the NHS workforce in the long term.
Health
Nearly 2,000 residents help shape future of health services across west Wales
Public feedback to inform Hywel Dda’s long-term strategy for healthcare delivery
NEARLY 2,000 people across Carmarthenshire, Ceredigion and Pembrokeshire have shared their views on what matters most for living a healthy life, as part of a major public engagement exercise by Hywel Dda University Health Board.
Over a nine-week period, residents were invited to respond to eleven key questions exploring how people stay well, how they access healthcare, and what improvements they would like to see in services, buildings and digital provision. The questions were shaped around feedback gathered from community members earlier in the summer.
The engagement focused on four main themes: a social model for health and wellbeing, digital healthcare support, balancing hospital care with community-based services, and priorities for clinical services and hospital redevelopment.
The feedback will be shared in January and used to inform a refreshed long-term strategy for the Health Board, setting out how safe, sustainable and accessible services will be delivered over the next fifteen years. While the strategy will be updated to reflect changes in clinical practice, technology and how people use health services, the Health Board says its overall ambitions remain unchanged from those set out in the original Healthier Mid and West Wales strategy in 2018.
Lee Davies, Executive Director of Strategy and Planning at Hywel Dda, said the process was about refinement rather than a change in direction.
He said: “Thank you to everyone who has taken the time to share their views. The direction of travel remains as per our 2018 strategy, so we want to reassure people that this is not a radical change of direction but rather a refinement in how we deliver the strategy. Your feedback is helping us reshape our strategy so that it continues to reflect the priorities of the people we serve, and the changes in clinical practice.”
During the engagement, many respondents highlighted the importance of strong communities, with families, friends and local support networks seen as key to helping people stay well and connected. Timely access to GP services was also raised as a priority, alongside concerns about travel to appointments, particularly in rural areas where public transport options can be limited.
Digital healthcare was another recurring theme, with people calling for online services to be simple, inclusive and accessible, while recognising that not everyone has access to technology or the same digital skills.
At its public Board meeting in November, Hywel Dda University Health Board considered progress on refreshing the strategy and received updates on the development of a new Primary and Community Care Strategic Plan. That plan, which has been shaped through further public engagement including in-person and online events and an online questionnaire, is due to be presented to the Board in January 2026.
The Primary and Community Care plan will set the overall direction for services delivered outside hospital settings and support locally-led plans for how care is provided in individual communities.
The Board also discussed a request from the Welsh Government for an addendum to the Health Board’s 2022 Programme Business Case. This will explore additional options for improving healthcare estates, including whether new facilities could help address existing infrastructure problems. It will also consider how local plans align with the national strategy, A Healthier Wales, which aims to shift more care into community settings and closer to people’s homes.
A draft version of the refreshed strategy is expected to be presented to the Board in January 2026 for approval. Once agreed, it will be published in accessible formats, with the Health Board saying communities will continue to be involved as plans move forward.
Further information about the engagement process and updates on the strategy are available through the Health Board’s public consultation platform.
Health
Resident doctors in Wales vote to accept new contract
RESIDENT doctors across Wales have voted to accept a new contract, with 83% of those who took part in a referendum backing the agreement, according to BMA Cymru Wales.
The contract includes a four per cent additional investment in the resident doctor workforce and introduces a range of reforms aimed at improving training conditions, wellbeing and long-term workforce sustainability within NHS Wales. The BMA says the deal also supports progress towards pay restoration, which remains a central issue for doctors.
Key changes include new safeguards to limit the most fatiguing working patterns, measures intended to address medical unemployment and career progression concerns, and reforms to study budgets and study leave to improve access to training opportunities.
Negotiations between the BMA’s Welsh Resident Doctors Committee, NHS Wales Employers and the Welsh Government concluded earlier this year. Following a consultation period, a referendum of resident doctors and final-year medical students in Wales was held, resulting in a clear majority in favour of the proposals.
Welsh Resident Doctors Committee chair Dr Oba Babs Osibodu said the agreement marked a significant step forward for doctors working in Wales.
He said: “We’re proud to have negotiated this contract, which offers our colleagues and the future generation of doctors safer terms of service, fairer pay, and better prospects so that they can grow and develop their careers in Wales.
“This contract will help to retain the doctors already in training, and also attract more doctors to work in Wales, where they can offer their expertise and benefit patients.”
Dr Osibodu added that the BMA remains committed to achieving full pay restoration and acknowledged that challenges remain for some doctors.
“Whilst this contract sets the foundations for a brighter future for resident doctors in Wales, we recognise that there are still doctors who are struggling to develop their careers and secure permanent work,” he said. “We need to work with the Welsh Government and NHS employers to address training bottlenecks and underemployment.”
The Welsh Government has previously said it recognises the pressures facing resident doctors and the importance of improving recruitment and retention across NHS Wales, while also highlighting the need to balance pay agreements with wider NHS funding pressures and patient demand.
The new contract is expected to be phased in from August 2026. It will initially apply to doctors in foundation programmes, those in specialty training with unbanded rotas, and new starters, before being rolled out to all resident doctors across Wales.
Health
NHS Wales spends more than £15.5m on agency radiographers as pressures grow
NHS WALES has spent more than £15.5 million on agency radiography staff over the past five years, as mounting pressure on diagnostic imaging services raises concerns about long-term workforce sustainability.
Figures obtained by the Welsh Liberal Democrats through Freedom of Information requests show that spending on temporary radiographers almost doubled between 2020/21 and 2023/24, despite relatively low headline vacancy rates across Welsh health boards.
Radiographers carry out X-rays, CT, MRI and ultrasound scans, which are essential to emergency care, cancer diagnosis, trauma treatment and elective surgery. Delays or shortages in imaging services can have a knock-on effect across patient pathways, slowing diagnosis and treatment.
The data also highlights an ageing workforce. More than a quarter of radiographers in Wales are aged over 50, with more than one in ten aged 55 or above. In some health boards, a significantly higher proportion of staff are approaching retirement age, raising concerns that experienced radiographers could leave faster than they can be replaced.
Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board recorded the highest agency spend, at more than £8.1m over the period covered by the FOI requests. Other health boards also reported growing reliance on temporary staff to maintain services, particularly where specialist skills are required.
While official vacancy figures remain comparatively low, professional bodies have previously warned that vacancy data does not always reflect pressure on services, as posts can be held open or covered through overtime and agency staff rather than filled permanently.
Diagnostic imaging demand has increased steadily in recent years, driven by an ageing population, advances in medical imaging technology, and rising referrals linked to cancer and long-term conditions.
Commenting on the findings, Welsh Liberal Democrat Leader Jane Dodds MS said:
“Radiographers are absolutely vital to the NHS. From diagnosing cancer to treating people in A&E, the vast majority of patient journeys depend on timely access to scans.
“These figures show a system increasingly relying on expensive agency staff while failing to plan properly for the future workforce. That is not fair on patients, and it is not fair on staff who are already under huge pressure.
“The Welsh Labour Government must take urgent action to improve recruitment and retention, support experienced staff to stay in the workforce for longer, and ensure NHS Wales has a sustainable radiography workforce fit for the future.”
The Welsh Government has previously said it is working with health boards to improve recruitment and retention across NHS Wales, including expanding training places and supporting flexible working arrangements to help retain experienced staff. Ministers have also pointed to record numbers of staff working in the NHS overall, while acknowledging ongoing challenges in hard-to-recruit specialties.
However, opposition parties and professional bodies continue to warn that without long-term workforce planning, reliance on agency staff could increase further, adding to costs and pressure on already stretched diagnostic services.
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