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Education

Welsh Conservatives seek answers over Estyn’s role in Wales’ reading crisis

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THE GROWING crisis over children’s reading standards in Wales has deepened following revelations suggesting confusion and potential bias at the heart of the education inspection system.

Following an ITV News investigation, the Welsh Conservatives have called for urgent action to ensure that reading in Welsh schools is taught using evidence-based methods — rather than outdated or discredited theories.

Estyn under scrutiny

Estyn, the body responsible for inspecting schools in Wales, is facing criticism after ITV News uncovered evidence that inspectors continue to reference and even praise so-called “cueing” methods — where children are encouraged to guess words using pictures or context.

International research over several decades, including the UK Government’s 2006 Rose Review and findings from the US National Reading Panel, has shown that systematic synthetic phonics (SSP) is the most reliable and effective approach to teaching children to read.

Despite this, Estyn officials have appeared to defend cueing as part of a “balanced” model. When asked to provide evidence for the effectiveness of such methods, the inspectorate reportedly cited studies that did not support the approach.

In response, Estyn said it does not endorse any single reading method and that its inspections recognise a range of effective strategies. However, critics argue that the tone and examples used in Estyn reports amount to an implicit endorsement of cueing alongside phonics.

Expert resignations and controversy

Concerns have intensified following the resignation of literacy expert Elizabeth Nonweiler from the Welsh Government’s Expert Literacy Panel. Nonweiler, chair of the Reading Reform Foundation and a leading advocate for phonics, accused the government of embedding “mixed messages” in its new £8.2 million CAL:ON Cymru literacy programme.

It has also emerged that Estyn invited Professor Dominic Wyse — a well-known critic of phonics-focused teaching — to brief inspectors, while initially declining a request for Nonweiler to do the same.

The Welsh Government insists it “supports the systematic teaching of phonics” and that its literacy strategy includes direct support for phonics-based approaches. However, the row has exposed deep divisions over how literacy should be taught and evaluated.

A worsening reading crisis

The political row comes amid mounting evidence that thousands of pupils in Wales are leaving primary school unable to read at the expected standard. ITV News previously reported that up to 30 per cent of children finish primary education without secure reading skills, with Estyn inspection reports continuing to praise cueing-style methods in some cases.

International assessments paint a bleak picture. In the 2022 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) tests, 15-year-olds in Wales scored an average of 466 in reading — below the OECD average and significantly behind England’s score of 496.

Conservative response

Welsh Conservative Shadow Cabinet Secretary for Education, Natasha Asghar MS, said:

“These revelations are deeply concerning. It appears that the body responsible for upholding educational standards in Wales may be promoting flawed and damaging teaching methods.

“The evidence is crystal clear — systematic phonics works. The Welsh Conservatives are the only party committed to banning cueing and following the science by introducing phonics as part of our credible plan to improve education and deliver a better future for Wales.”

Government and Estyn respond

The Welsh Government said that phonics remains a supported part of the curriculum but emphasised that teachers must retain professional judgement in addressing the diverse needs of learners.

Estyn has since apologised for an internal email referring to Nonweiler as “evangelical about a single approach”, describing the comment as “an error”. It has pledged an “enhanced focus on reading” within its inspection framework for the next three years.

A matter of evidence and equity

Supporters of phonics say the research is overwhelming and that consistency is key. They argue that England’s shift to mandatory phonics testing and instruction led to measurable improvements in reading outcomes.

Others, however, defend a more “balanced” approach, emphasising comprehension and meaning-making as essential components of literacy. They warn that rigid adherence to phonics alone risks neglecting broader language development.

The road ahead

With Estyn due to increase its focus on reading, and the Expert Literacy Panel’s report still unpublished, pressure is growing on both the Welsh Government and the inspectorate to provide clarity.

For teachers, parents and pupils, the unanswered questions remain: What guidance will schools receive? How quickly will it change? And how will inspectors judge literacy teaching going forward?

As the debate continues, one fact is beyond dispute — reading is the foundation of all learning. For Wales, ensuring every child can read confidently and fluently is not just a matter of education policy, but of fairness and social justice.

 

Education

Manifesto warns Welsh nurseries are ‘fighting to survive’

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Nurseries in Wales are warning that rising costs and underfunded childcare places are putting providers under severe pressure

NDNA CYMRU has launched its manifesto, The Best Start for Children in Wales, calling on the next Welsh Government to make early childhood play, learning and care a priority for every family and community.

The organisation says early findings from its nursery survey show 89% of day nurseries in Wales make a loss on sessional places, while 79% say the full day rate does not cover their costs.

Staffing bills have risen by an average of 10.5%, while nurseries have increased fees to parents by an average of 7.5%, meaning many providers are absorbing part of the extra cost themselves.

One nursery told NDNA: “We can’t increase prices as parents are struggling to pay their bill already.”

NDNA Cymru says the pressure is forcing some nurseries to spend less on resources, reduce staff hours and cut training, with one respondent saying they had been forced to lay off three members of staff.

The manifesto sets out four priorities for the next Welsh Government. These include a national review of funded childcare, funding rates that reflect the real cost of delivery, proper support for Additional Learning Needs, protection for existing providers before new capital projects are approved, and a fully funded workforce strategy.

Tim McLachlan, Chief Executive of NDNA Cymru said: “The next Welsh Government has the opportunity to do things better. We are calling on all parties to put children at the heart of any future policy, making sure it is properly funded and delivered consistently in communities across Wales.

“Our survey of day nurseries shows that they face unique funding pressures. It cannot be good for children, families or the economy to have nurseries fighting just to survive when we want to see them thrive.

“Parents rightly want more support to make childcare more affordable. But to be fair to everyone and make sure that policies can be delivered, political parties must make sure any promise they make is fully funded.”

NDNA Cymru said 92% of nurseries responding to its survey were either operating at a loss or only breaking even.

The survey also found that the new £6.67 hourly funding rate for three and four-year-olds does not cover costs for many providers. For full day care, the average shortfall was £1.56 per hour per child, rising to £2.05 for sessional care.

One nursery said: “In the 39 years I have been operating successfully and at a very high level of quality, this is the most challenging and disheartening time for my business in relation to financial sustainability.”

Another said: “Funding and fees are a constant worry alongside staff recruitment and retention; childcare is a lot more challenging and increases each year make it harder and harder.”

NDNA Cymru said it wants a fair and consistent childcare system across Wales, backed by national guidance, proper investment in staff, and adequate ALN funding so children’s needs can be met.

 

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Education

College learner receives prestigious Welsh award

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A PEMBROKESHIRE College learner has been recognised with a prestigious award celebrating her commitment, achievement and future potential.

Eleanor Edwards, a second-year Travel and Tourism learner, received the award from the Worshipful Livery Company of Wales as part of its annual College Awards programme.

The scheme supports young Welsh talent and recognises individuals undertaking academic and vocational studies, as well as members of the armed forces and those involved in community service.

Support for future career

The award will help Eleanor further develop her skills and broaden her learning experience through additional courses made possible by the funding.

The College said Eleanor’s success reflects both her hard work and ambition, as well as the high standard of vocational learning delivered at Pembrokeshire College.

Speaking on behalf of the Worshipful Livery Company of Wales, Sylvia Robert-Sargeant said: “We are delighted to have been involved in the selection of Eleanor Edwards as an outstanding second-year learner studying for a Diploma in Travel and Tourism at the College.

“We wish Eleanor every success, both in participating in the extra courses made possible by this award and in her future studies and career.”

Ambition to join cabin crew

Pembrokeshire College Principal Dr Barry Walters also congratulated Eleanor on her achievement.

Dr Walters said: “We are delighted to congratulate Eleanor on receiving a Worshipful Livery Company of Wales award.

“This achievement will support her continued progression, enabling her to gain the additional qualifications needed to pursue her ambition of a career in air cabin crew.

“We also extend our sincere thanks to the Worshipful Livery Company of Wales for their ongoing support and for the time invested in the selection process.”

The College said it was proud to see Eleanor acknowledged through the respected awards programme and wished her every success as she continues her studies and prepares for a future career in the travel and tourism industry.

Picture: Learner Eleanor Edwards with Sylvia Robert-Sargeant and Pembrokeshire College Principal Dr Barry Walters.

 

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Education

Police dogs visit Greenhill School for community afternoon

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PUPILS at Ysgol Greenhill were given a close-up look at the work of police dogs during a visit from local officers.

Officers from the Tenby Neighbourhood Policing and Prevention Team attended the school on Thursday (Apr 23), joined by police dog handler PC 301 Bain and police dogs Stan and Archie.

The visit gave pupils and staff the chance to learn more about the role of police dogs, their training, and the work they carry out alongside officers.

Police said the afternoon was also an opportunity for positive engagement and relationship building between young people and the local policing team.

The visit appeared to be a hit with pupils — and with Stan and Archie, who were said to have enjoyed plenty of fuss and attention during the afternoon.

Tenby, Saundersfoot and Narberth Police thanked Greenhill School for hosting the visit.

 

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