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Farming

Super pest survives winters

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Diamondback Moth: Resistent to pesticides and winter weather

A ‘SUPER PEST’ moth resistant to a class of common plant protection is now also capable of surviving through the UK’s cold winter conditions, according to new research.

Diamondback moths have arrived in their tens of millions in the past few days with more expected. Crop experts have warned the animals could have a devastating effect on cabbages and other vegetables

Diamondback moth (DBM) caterpillars feed on crops including cabbage, broccoli, swedes and Brussels sprouts, causing cosmetic damage, which could result in the loss of up to 100% of the crop. Brassicas were worth more than £200m to UK agriculture last year.

The pests, which have developed resistance to the pyrethroid class of plant protection products often have reduced fitness levels so don’t survive through winter. However, experts from Rothamsted Research and AHDB are concerned because this is not the case with this new strain of moth.

Growers are being asked to submit samples of the DBM either when seen through winter, or in spring when numbers start to rise, to aid the continued monitoring and development of control strategies to manage the pest.

Dr Dawn Teverson, Knowledge Exchange Manager at AHDB, said: “This new research reconfirms what we found last year. It’s important that Brassica growers are aware of this pyrethroid resistance and plan their crop protection programmes to treat against diamondback moths, accordingly.

“If pyrethroids are used, not only does this now fail to control DBM but it could also kill beneficial insect predators which would naturally help control the pest, further exacerbating the problem.”

Pyrethroid resistant DBM have been found overwintering on swede crops grown under insect netting.

Dr Steve Foster, research entomologist at Rothamsted Research, said: “We have seen in aphids that those which have developed resistance may not survive the winter, however this doesn’t seem to be the case with this new strain of DMB.

“The identification of pyrethroid resistance in this season’s population of moths suggests that they are descendants of 2016’s migrating diamondbacks and therefore that the resistance hasn’t stopped them from surviving over winter.”

Andrew Rutherford, farm and agronomy manager at K. S. Coles, said: “This study has been extremely helpful to growers, allowing them to increase their understanding of the pests they are trying to control and which actives will be effective.”

The diamondback moth is often described as a ‘super-pest’ because it has a rapid lifecycle, providing more opportunities for resistance to develop through gene mutation. In 2016, Steve Foster at Rothamsted Research tested three diamondback moth samples for resistance from Lincolnshire, Suffolk and Scotland. All three samples were resistant to pyrethroids.

AHDB’s co-funded project ‘FV 344a Monitoring and Managing Insecticide Resistance in UK Pests’ is currently due to end in March 2018. For further information about diamondback moth and control options, visit horticulture.ahdb.org.uk/diamondback-moth or contact [email protected] for more details.

 

Farming

Check ewes at weaning to protect next season’s lamb crop

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PEMBROKESHIRE sheep farmers are being urged to use weaning as a key opportunity to check ewe condition and deal with any problems before tupping.

With many local flocks now moving towards weaning, farmers are being advised to assess body condition score, as well as checking teeth, feet and udders, while there is still time to improve nutrition ahead of the breeding season.

Dr Alison Bond, Technical Services Manager at Rumenco, said close monitoring at this stage can help avoid major changes in ewe condition and improve overall flock productivity.

She said weaning at around 12 weeks was a good target, when lambs should usually be between 25kg and 30kg and taking very little milk from the ewe.

“There will of course be a focus on the lambs’ readiness for market at this stage, but it is equally important to put a hand across the ewes to assess their condition,” she said.

For lowland flocks, ewes with a body condition score below 2.5 at weaning should be given priority, as they may struggle to reach the target score of around 3.5 by tupping.

Those poorer condition ewes should be grouped separately, moved onto the best available grazing and given appropriate supplementary feeding where needed.

Dr Bond said waiting until closer to tupping could be less effective and may affect performance.

She added that ewes in good condition at tupping are more likely to scan with more lambs, produce healthier lambs after birth, and rear heavier lambs by eight weeks of age.

“It affects the whole production cycle, and not just one element,” she said.

The advice will be particularly relevant to farms across Pembrokeshire, Carmarthenshire and Ceredigion, where sheep remain a major part of the rural economy and where grass quality can vary sharply depending on weather, soil type and stocking pressure.

Dr Bond said the aim should be to keep ewes between body condition score 2.5 and 3.5 throughout the cycle, avoiding big dips and peaks.

Routine checks at weaning, she said, give farmers the best chance of correcting problems before the tups go in two to three months later.

Pic: Farmers are being urged to check ewe condition at weaning to protect flock performance ahead of tupping (Pic: Tim Scrivener/Agriphoto).

 

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Farming

Reform calls for urgent review of farming scheme

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LOW UPTAKE HAS RAISED FRESH QUESTIONS OVER THE FUTURE OF SUPPORT FOR WELSH FARMERS

REFORM WALES has called for an urgent review of the Sustainable Farming Scheme after figures showed only around half of eligible farmers have signed up.

The party said the lower-than-expected uptake showed that serious concerns remained within the farming community over the complexity of the scheme, compliance rules and uncertainty about how it will operate in the long term.

Laura Anne Jones MS, Reform Wales’ Shadow Cabinet Minister for Food, Farming and Rural Affairs, raised the issue during questions to the Welsh Government.

She said: “The figures released by the Welsh Government today confirm what many farmers have been saying for some time: the Sustainable Farming Scheme is too complex, too restrictive and too bureaucratic.

“Farmers need certainty and security, not endless paperwork and rigid requirements that fail to reflect the realities of farming in Wales.

“Reform Wales believes the scheme should be reviewed as a matter of urgency, with a greater focus on flexibility, common sense and practical outcomes.

“Welsh farmers deserve a scheme that works with them, not against them.”

The Sustainable Farming Scheme is due to replace previous systems of agricultural support in Wales and has been one of the most contentious issues facing the rural sector.

Farming unions and campaigners have repeatedly warned that any new system must be practical for family farms and must not add unnecessary red tape at a time when many businesses are already under pressure from rising costs, bovine TB and market uncertainty.

Reform Wales said the Welsh Government must now explain how it intends to respond to the level of take-up and whether changes will be made before the scheme is fully rolled out.

 

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Business

Holiday accommodation conversion of historic farm buildings approved

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PLANS to convert historic farm buildings near north Pembrokeshire’s Whitesands beach for use as holiday accommodation have been given the go-ahead, but their use doesn’t have to be restricted to just that purpose.

In an application to Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, Matthew James of James Properties, through agent Harries Planning Design Management sought permission for the conversion of two derelict barns to two self-catering holiday accommodation units at Porthmawr Ganol, Whitesands, St Davids.

An officer report said: “The farmstead occupies a prominent position within a landscape characterised by open agricultural fields enclosed predominantly by traditional dry-stone walls, exposed coastal pasture and areas of heathland associated with Carn Llidi.”

It added: “The site lies within the Porthmawr Historic Landscape Character Area, an area recognised for its historic pattern of dispersed settlement, traditional farmsteads, dry-stone wall field boundaries and evidence of medieval and post-medieval agricultural activity.

“The retention and reuse of the existing buildings therefore has the potential to preserve an important element of the area’s historic landscape character whilst securing a viable long-term future for structures that would otherwise continue to deteriorate.”

It said that insufficient evidence had initially been submitted to demonstrate that the buildings were unsuitable for permanent residential conversion and only for self-catering accommodation and therefore an affordable housing contribution should be secured.

Policy would lead to a contribution of £36,400, the report said, but a financial viability assessment by the applicant “demonstrated that the development would not be viable if required to provide the full policy contribution,” the maximum contribution capable of being supported whilst maintaining viability was £12,641.

This reduced figure was accepted, the officer report saying: “Whilst this represents a reduced contribution when compared with the full policy requirement, the submitted viability evidence demonstrates that the development could not reasonably support the full contribution whilst remaining deliverable.

“In these circumstances, securing a reduced contribution is considered preferable to losing the opportunity to secure the restoration and beneficial reuse of the historic buildings.”

It stated that, with the affordable contribution, the scheme would not be limited to self-catering development only.

The application was conditionally approved by Park planners.

 

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