Education
Leftover bread crusts can be turned into new food says Aberystwyth University
IF you are concerned about the crusts of your bread going to waste, then new research that promises to turn it into new kinds of food could be the answer.
In a paper published in the journal ‘NPJ Science of Food’, academics at Aberystwyth University have shown that waste bread can be fermented into highly nutritious foods.
Wheat is one of the most consumed crops worldwide, contributing to 20% of the calories and proteins in human diets.
It is a key ingredient for many staple foods, such as breads, cakes, biscuits, cookies and crackers.
Bakery waste, particularly from bread, is a major global concern. Currently around 10% of the 185 million tons of bread baked each year is wasted, mostly at supermarkets and commercial bakers.
The new study is the first time academics have shown grass traditionally used for livestock production can be successfully fermented along with bread by fungi to make alternative proteins.
The new process combines surplus bread with juice from pressed grass which is full of nutrients and protein for fungal growth.
The alternative protein that can be produced from it could end up on the plates of millions, including in fortified bread, pork pies or sausages.
Dr David Bryant from the Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences at Aberystwyth University said:
“This is a real breakthrough that will hopefully tackle the growing global problem of wasted food. Most of us know only too well how much of a problem bread waste is – from the toast thrown away at breakfast or our uneaten sandwiches. But that is not the whole issue – much is wasted commercially in manufacture and retail as well.
“This research gives us a way of tackling that problem through fermentation. It is the use of grass that makes these findings a genuine first. The beauty of this method is that it can use that everyday plant to turn waste into new types of food for the growing world population.”
The type of fungi used in the scientists’ new fermentation is already widely used to produce tempeh, a vegetarian alternative to meat made from fermented cooked soya beans and which is widely eaten in parts of Asia.
Using the pilot-scale biorefining facility at AberInnovation, which is based on Aberystwyth University’s Gogerddan Campus, the scientific breakthrough takes advantage of solid-state fermentation, which is more environmentally friendly and produces less wastewater than other methods.
A spokesperson for Samworth Brothers added:
“Samworth Brothers is a food business with significant influence – our activities impact the environment and climate change, nutrition, employment, supply chains and the communities in which we operate. We’re determined that our influence is for the good.
Supporting this project is a great example of what we can do in addition to our food redistribution activities to find alternative uses for bread crusts.”
The four-year research project is funded by the UKRI Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).
Professor Anne Ferguson-Smith, BBSRC Executive Chair, said:
“Embracing innovative approaches like this not only helps to combat food waste but also pioneers new ways to sustain our growing population with nutritious alternatives. This latest research from IBERS, one of BBSRC’s strategically supported research institutes, epitomises the type of transformative science BBSRC invests in to foster sustainable and resilient food systems across the UK and around the world. The potential of turning everyday waste into valuable food resources is an opportunity we must capitalise on if we are to successfully secure our global food supply both now and in the future.”
As the study continues, researchers will consider how they can change the flavours and improve the taste of the alternative proteins produced by the fermentation.
Education
Teaching assistant struck off after asking pupil for photos of her body
A FORMER teaching assistant at Haverfordwest High School has been banned from working in education after sending highly inappropriate messages to two female pupils, including asking one girl to send him photos of her body.
Samuel Davies, who was employed at the school through apprentice agency Ap Prentis, was removed from the classroom in October 2022 when safeguarding concerns were raised. An Education Workforce Council (EWC) panel has now found his conduct to be sexually motivated and amounting to unacceptable professional behaviour.
Messages sent under false name
The panel heard that Davies contacted two mid-teen pupils on Snapchat using the name “Sam Bear Davies”. One pupil identified as Learner B received messages asking whether she felt comfortable sending him pictures. In one message he wrote: “I want to see that body and a few pics maybe?” followed by further requests for images.
Another girl identified as Pupil A accepted a friend request from the same account and was shocked to receive the message: “Oh hey, I am your teacher. Do not tell anyone, I would get into trouble, but I think you are really attractive.”
Davies also warned one of the girls not to tell anyone he had contacted her because he would “get into trouble”.
Both pupils later provided screenshots to senior staff which resulted in Davies being escorted off school grounds while an internal investigation began.
Previous concerns about boundary issues
Deputy headteacher and safeguarding lead Tracy Edwards told the hearing she had already spoken to Davies several times about his over familiar behaviour with pupils. Concerns had been raised including allegations that he offered teenagers a drag of a vape off school premises and that he had shown pupils photos of himself vaping in a school toilet. There were also reports that he had been overheard discussing pubs and clubs with under eighteens.
Although some of the earlier claims could not be verified, his behaviour escalated and a formal complaint was made once the social media messages were shared with staff.
Davies resigned from his role in January 2023. Police reviewed the matter but did not take further action.
Panel finds sexual motivation
The EWC committee found a number of allegations proven and concluded that Davies had deliberately targeted children under sixteen and that his actions were sexually motivated.
Panel chair Robert Newsome said Davies had abused his position and caused direct harm to pupils. He noted that Davies had shown no engagement with the disciplinary process, no insight and no remorse.
“This was a pattern that developed after he began his employment,” he said. “He knew what he was doing was wrong and took steps to hide it. His actions place him as a significant risk to learners.”
Davies did not attend the hearing and provided no representation. During the school’s internal investigation he denied all allegations.
Struck off indefinitely
The committee ordered that Davies be removed from the EWC register with immediate effect. He cannot apply for reinstatement for at least five years.
He has 28 days to appeal the decision to the High Court.
Community
Potential Ysgol Clydau potential closure ‘deeply concerning’
THE LAUNCH of a public consultation on the potential closure of Pembrokeshire school Ysgol Clydau just before Christmas has been called “deeply concerning” and unfair to local families.
At the May meeting of Pembrokeshire County Council, members backed a report of the School Modernisation Working Group which included statutory consultation on proposals to discontinue Manorbier Church in Wales Voluntary Controlled School and Ysgol Clydau in Tegryn.
A plea on behalf of Ysgol Clydau was previously made by Cllr Iwan Ward, local member, who said it was “the heart of our society not just a school, it’s family, a community, an anchor for children who deserve the opportunity to grow”.
He added that closure was “a disaster for the future of education locally” and was “not fair and was not moral”.
The Ysgol Clydau consultation has now been launched, on the eve of a plea to keep the school open being heard at County Hall.
A council statement accompanying the launch of the consultation says: “At its meeting on May 8, Pembrokeshire County Council considered a report of the School Modernisation Working Group which outlined the findings of a review of education provision in the Preseli area.
“In particular the review considered the extent of surplus school places in the area, set against a significant decline in the pupil population.”
A petition, opposing closure of the school, on the council’s own website, generated 648 responses, meaning it crossed the threshold to be heard at full council.
That petition call, along with a similar one for Manorbier school, which also crossed the threshold, with 1,511 signatures, is to be heard by councillors at the December 12 meeting of full council.
The Ysgol Clydau petition states: “We demand that Pembrokeshire County Council reconsider its decision to close Ysgol Clydau and instead prioritise the needs of our community by keeping the school open. We oppose the closure of Ysgol Clydau and call for full public scrutiny before any decision is made.
“We urge you to engage in a meaningful dialogue with the community, listen to our concerns, and work with us to find alternative solutions that support the needs of our children and families.”
Paul Davies MS
Local Senedd Member Paul Davies has voiced his opposition to the proposal to close Ysgol Clydau, describing the timing of the consultation—just before Christmas—as “deeply concerning” and unfair to local families.
Mr Davies also highlighted the impact that closing Ysgol Clydau would have on the local community and the Welsh language.
“Ysgol Clydau is a crucial part of the local community, and its closure would have a huge impact on the local area. It’s unacceptable that this consultation has been launched without any discussion with local stakeholders and announcing it just before Christmas is very disappointing.
Education
Paul Davies MS opposes proposed closure of Ysgol Clydau
Senedd Member criticises ‘deeply concerning’ timing of consultation
LOCAL Senedd Member Paul Davies has spoken out against Pembrokeshire County Council’s proposal to close Ysgol Clydau, warning that the timing of the public consultation — launched in the weeks before Christmas — is “deeply concerning” and unfair to affected families.
Mr Davies said the school plays a vital role in the community, and that any attempt to close it would have a damaging impact locally, including on efforts to promote and protect the Welsh language.

“Ysgol Clydau is a crucial part of the local community, and its closure would have a huge impact on the local area,” he said. “It’s unacceptable that this consultation has been launched without any discussion with local stakeholders, and announcing it just before Christmas is very disappointing.”
He pointed to the school’s strong record, noting that Estyn inspectors highlighted positive relationships between staff and pupils and praised a curriculum that makes purposeful use of the surrounding area to inspire curiosity.
“Closing this school would be to the detriment of local families, and it would also undermine efforts to protect and promote the Welsh language in the community,” he added.
Mr Davies urged Pembrokeshire County Council to ensure the consultation is meaningful by “genuinely listening to local voices” and working with parents, representatives and the wider school community to find a constructive way forward.
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