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Farming

Farmers urged to vaccinate livestock early against Bluetongue

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Industry experts warn midges could spread disease as temperatures rise

LIVESTOCK farmers are being urged to vaccinate their animals now against Bluetongue Virus (BTV) before warmer weather brings an increase in midge activity.

Veterinary experts say early vaccination is the best way to protect sheep, cattle, goats and deer from the disease, which is primarily spread by biting midges of the Culicoides species.

Bluetongue can also occasionally be transmitted from an infected dam to its offspring or during mating.

Phil Thomas BVetMed from Iechyd Da warned that farmers should not delay.

“Vaccination is now the only tool left in the box – there is no treatment,” he said.

“The vaccine takes several weeks to build protection in sheep and cattle, so farmers need to act early to ensure their animals are protected before midge season begins.”

Serious economic impact

Bluetongue can cause significant losses for farms even when animals survive infection.

Industry experts warn the virus can lead to sudden drops in milk production in dairy herds, abortions and stillbirths, infertility in breeding animals, and severe welfare problems including swelling, lameness and breathing difficulties.

Where the risk comes from

The disease can spread through several routes.

Local midge populations may already carry the virus in areas where outbreaks have previously occurred, particularly along the English and Welsh borders. Infected midges can also be blown across the sea from affected regions such as Devon, Cornwall or the east coast of Ireland.

Livestock carrying the virus in their bloodstream can then infect local midge populations, potentially triggering new outbreaks.

Farmers are also advised to take care when buying animals, particularly if they are coming from affected areas.

Warmer weather increases danger

Unlike many livestock diseases, Bluetongue spreads through biting insects rather than direct contact between animals.

Once temperatures consistently reach around 12°C, midge activity increases rapidly. By the time farmers see insects or hear about nearby cases, their livestock may already be exposed.

Fiona Lovatt, a sheep health specialist from Flock Health, advised farmers to plan ahead.

“If I had valuable stock, I would definitely be vaccinating my breeding cows and ewes,” she said.

“They need to be fully protected at least three weeks before June and, for cattle, that means having both doses completed by then.”

Steps farmers should take now

Veterinary experts recommend farmers contact their vet as soon as possible to check vaccine availability and schedule vaccinations well before peak midge season.

Transporting livestock also carries risks, as infected animals moved into disease-free areas can infect local midge populations and start new outbreaks.

Good hygiene during veterinary procedures is also important. Bluetongue can be spread mechanically via needles, so needles should ideally be changed between animals.

Managing the risk

Midge activity is typically highest at dusk and dawn. Housing animals during these times may help reduce the risk of infection.

Farmers are also advised to ensure livestock are in good overall health. Conditions such as BVD or parasite burdens, as well as poor nutrition, can weaken the immune system and reduce the effectiveness of vaccination.

Vaccination concerns

Experts say there is no scientific evidence that bluetongue vaccination during pregnancy increases the risk of abortion compared with other routine livestock vaccines.

Abi Reader, NFU Cymru President and a farmer at Goldsland Farm, said her herd was vaccinated despite many animals being pregnant at the time.

“A large proportion of our livestock were at different stages of pregnancy when we vaccinated, but we didn’t hesitate,” she said.

“The risk to their health from the virus was simply far greater than the risk of vaccination.”

Reporting suspected cases

Bluetongue remains a notifiable disease.

Farmers who suspect an outbreak should contact their vet or the Animal and Plant Health Agency immediately on 0300 303 8268.

 

Farming

Check ewes at weaning to protect next season’s lamb crop

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PEMBROKESHIRE sheep farmers are being urged to use weaning as a key opportunity to check ewe condition and deal with any problems before tupping.

With many local flocks now moving towards weaning, farmers are being advised to assess body condition score, as well as checking teeth, feet and udders, while there is still time to improve nutrition ahead of the breeding season.

Dr Alison Bond, Technical Services Manager at Rumenco, said close monitoring at this stage can help avoid major changes in ewe condition and improve overall flock productivity.

She said weaning at around 12 weeks was a good target, when lambs should usually be between 25kg and 30kg and taking very little milk from the ewe.

“There will of course be a focus on the lambs’ readiness for market at this stage, but it is equally important to put a hand across the ewes to assess their condition,” she said.

For lowland flocks, ewes with a body condition score below 2.5 at weaning should be given priority, as they may struggle to reach the target score of around 3.5 by tupping.

Those poorer condition ewes should be grouped separately, moved onto the best available grazing and given appropriate supplementary feeding where needed.

Dr Bond said waiting until closer to tupping could be less effective and may affect performance.

She added that ewes in good condition at tupping are more likely to scan with more lambs, produce healthier lambs after birth, and rear heavier lambs by eight weeks of age.

“It affects the whole production cycle, and not just one element,” she said.

The advice will be particularly relevant to farms across Pembrokeshire, Carmarthenshire and Ceredigion, where sheep remain a major part of the rural economy and where grass quality can vary sharply depending on weather, soil type and stocking pressure.

Dr Bond said the aim should be to keep ewes between body condition score 2.5 and 3.5 throughout the cycle, avoiding big dips and peaks.

Routine checks at weaning, she said, give farmers the best chance of correcting problems before the tups go in two to three months later.

Pic: Farmers are being urged to check ewe condition at weaning to protect flock performance ahead of tupping (Pic: Tim Scrivener/Agriphoto).

 

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Farming

Reform calls for urgent review of farming scheme

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LOW UPTAKE HAS RAISED FRESH QUESTIONS OVER THE FUTURE OF SUPPORT FOR WELSH FARMERS

REFORM WALES has called for an urgent review of the Sustainable Farming Scheme after figures showed only around half of eligible farmers have signed up.

The party said the lower-than-expected uptake showed that serious concerns remained within the farming community over the complexity of the scheme, compliance rules and uncertainty about how it will operate in the long term.

Laura Anne Jones MS, Reform Wales’ Shadow Cabinet Minister for Food, Farming and Rural Affairs, raised the issue during questions to the Welsh Government.

She said: “The figures released by the Welsh Government today confirm what many farmers have been saying for some time: the Sustainable Farming Scheme is too complex, too restrictive and too bureaucratic.

“Farmers need certainty and security, not endless paperwork and rigid requirements that fail to reflect the realities of farming in Wales.

“Reform Wales believes the scheme should be reviewed as a matter of urgency, with a greater focus on flexibility, common sense and practical outcomes.

“Welsh farmers deserve a scheme that works with them, not against them.”

The Sustainable Farming Scheme is due to replace previous systems of agricultural support in Wales and has been one of the most contentious issues facing the rural sector.

Farming unions and campaigners have repeatedly warned that any new system must be practical for family farms and must not add unnecessary red tape at a time when many businesses are already under pressure from rising costs, bovine TB and market uncertainty.

Reform Wales said the Welsh Government must now explain how it intends to respond to the level of take-up and whether changes will be made before the scheme is fully rolled out.

 

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Business

Holiday accommodation conversion of historic farm buildings approved

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PLANS to convert historic farm buildings near north Pembrokeshire’s Whitesands beach for use as holiday accommodation have been given the go-ahead, but their use doesn’t have to be restricted to just that purpose.

In an application to Pembrokeshire Coast National Park, Matthew James of James Properties, through agent Harries Planning Design Management sought permission for the conversion of two derelict barns to two self-catering holiday accommodation units at Porthmawr Ganol, Whitesands, St Davids.

An officer report said: “The farmstead occupies a prominent position within a landscape characterised by open agricultural fields enclosed predominantly by traditional dry-stone walls, exposed coastal pasture and areas of heathland associated with Carn Llidi.”

It added: “The site lies within the Porthmawr Historic Landscape Character Area, an area recognised for its historic pattern of dispersed settlement, traditional farmsteads, dry-stone wall field boundaries and evidence of medieval and post-medieval agricultural activity.

“The retention and reuse of the existing buildings therefore has the potential to preserve an important element of the area’s historic landscape character whilst securing a viable long-term future for structures that would otherwise continue to deteriorate.”

It said that insufficient evidence had initially been submitted to demonstrate that the buildings were unsuitable for permanent residential conversion and only for self-catering accommodation and therefore an affordable housing contribution should be secured.

Policy would lead to a contribution of £36,400, the report said, but a financial viability assessment by the applicant “demonstrated that the development would not be viable if required to provide the full policy contribution,” the maximum contribution capable of being supported whilst maintaining viability was £12,641.

This reduced figure was accepted, the officer report saying: “Whilst this represents a reduced contribution when compared with the full policy requirement, the submitted viability evidence demonstrates that the development could not reasonably support the full contribution whilst remaining deliverable.

“In these circumstances, securing a reduced contribution is considered preferable to losing the opportunity to secure the restoration and beneficial reuse of the historic buildings.”

It stated that, with the affordable contribution, the scheme would not be limited to self-catering development only.

The application was conditionally approved by Park planners.

 

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