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Farming

Blight trials a success

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Tackling resistance: Fungicide tests yield positive results

A SURGE in late blight pressure on the independent Eurofins trials site in Derbyshire has developed into one of the best tests of potato blight fungicides for many years.

One trial, designed to mirror the Euroblight categorisation under UK conditions and native blight strains, has underlined the importance of the rating, along with some interesting developments during 2017, reported Syngenta Potato Field Technical Manager, Douglas Dyas.

This year one trial protocol tested 13 different fungicides with single product use at weekly application right through the season; infector rows between plots were inoculated with strains of blight and managed to induce high blight pressure across the site.

“Although in practice all growers and agronomists would select and alternate different blight products in a programme through the season, the trial is a genuine test of any fungicide active’s true capability, and how it performs under UK conditions with evolving blight strains,” advocated Douglas.

He pointed out that this season has really pulled out some of the significant effects caused by different strains of the potato blight pathogen, and the challenges that created for agronomists and growers.

“There had been increasing concerns over the continued effectiveness of fluazinam under the pressure of the specific blight strain, Dark Green EU-37,” he recalled.

“Through the main part of the season the continued use of straight Shirlan had looked extremely good, then through the end of August it collapsed; possibly indicating that Dark Green EU-37 had come into the crop via natural infection.

“Fluazinam remains an extremely important tool for its zoospore activity to prevent tuber blight infection, so this trial has fully supported the advice intended to minimise the risk of the resistant strain building up. That has included to always alternate applications with another active; to mix a partner product such as mancozeb and/or cymoxanil; to maintain robust rates and to limit the overall use of fluazinam.”

The independently assessed trial had also shown some other fluazinam mixtures such as fluazinam + dimethomorph and fluazinam + cymoxanil, along with dimethomorph + amectoctradin, to be losing efficacy as the season progressed.

Douglas highlighted another set of replicated trial plots, where Fubol Gold (mancozeb + metalaxyl-M) had remained almost completely free of blight through to the end of the August assessments. Although the adjacent infector rows were inoculated with the Blue 13 A2 blight strain – which had historically shown resistance to phenylamide bight fungicides – the treatment had very effectively stopped foliar blight developing.

“The highly systemic nature of Fubol Gold does have some real value for use in the rapid canopy phase of crop growth. Agronomists visiting the trials indicated they see it may have a potential role at that timing, albeit for limited use and possibly in mixtures to counter risk of Blue 13 resistance issues,” he added.

The trials had also reinforced how mandipropamid products had remained at the top of the Euroblight table over many years, and continued to perform exceptionally well in the Eurofins UK equivalent.

“Revus was still the top performing straight active in the trials,” reported Douglas. “At the end of August, when severity of blight infection had reached over 90% in untreated plots, the independently assessed Revus plots showed just 0.01% blight severity.

“Furthermore, although the trial was not looking at Alternaria, we included Amphore Plus (mandipropamid + difenoconazole) in the protocol to assure its comparative late blight performance. In fact, it proved even better – with no visible blight recorded in the end of August assessment.”

He attributed that could be due to the formulation of the co-product mixture that had further enhanced the blight control, rather than the difenoconazole acting on the late blight strains.

 

Business

Medical equipment scheme at Castle Villa farm gets approval

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A CALL for the relocation of a Pembrokeshire farm diversification scheme which packages and distributes specialist medical equipment across Europe has been given the final go-ahead by councillors.

In an application recommended for refusal at the March meeting of Pembrokeshire County Council, Mr Van Der Spoel sought permission for the relocation and expansion of an existing farm diversification business into an existing agricultural building at Castle Villa, Hayscastle.

The proposals were before full council rather than its planning committee as members had twice gone against officer recommendations of refusal with a ‘minded to’ support for the scheme, and a ‘cooling off’ period, meaning a final decision would need to be made by all councillors.

Last July a similar application by Mr Van Der Spoel, through agent Harries Planning Design Management, was refused by planning officers.

A supporting statement for that application said the Dutch-born applicant, together with his wife and adult daughter ran the farm diversification business packing specialist medical insulated insulin supplies at their sheep farm.

It added: “The business run from this site is FRIO ASTRID EURO Ltd, which has a franchise agreement with FRIO UK. This business has been run from Castle Villa since its incorporation in 1998. The business was initially run from the stable building on the farmyard at Castle Villa.

“The business set-up involves receiving stock from FRIO UK in Wolfscastle, packaging orders and distributing the stock to seven Western Europe countries.”

Wolfscastle-based FRIO produces the world’s first patented insulin cooling wallet which keeps insulin and other temperature-sensitive medicines cool and safe.

The scheme for the business, said to have outgrown its current site, was refused by county planners on grounds including a lack of “robust evidence” to prove it couldn’t be sited within a nearby settlement or an allocated employment site, such as Haverfordwest.

The latest application was recommended for refusal on similar grounds.

Agent Wyn Harries has previously said his client’s business, selling into Holland, Belgium, Switzerland, and Germany, accounted for some 20 per cent of FRIO UK’s trade on its own, adding that previous articles on the planning application in the Western Telegraph had shown a great deal of public support for the applicants.

At the January meeting, local member, and chair of the planning committee, Cllr Mark Carter moved approval, delegated to senior officers on receipt of a Section 106 legal agreement, saying the proposals had community council support, adding it was “hard not to support a business that keeps local jobs and keeps a family farm viable”.

Cllr Michelle Bateman, whose neighbouring ward has FRIO UK’s base, said she was “fully supportive” of Cllr Carter’s call.

Members were warned of the danger of potentially setting a precedent by going against officer recommendations, with both former leader Cllr David Simpson and Cllr Michael Williams expressing their concerns at going against the officer recommendations.

Cllr Carter’s call, against the recommendation of refusal, was passed by 28 votes to 15, with one abstention.

 

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Business

Cwm Deri Vineyard Martletwy holiday lets plans refused

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A CALL to convert a former vineyard restaurant in rural Pembrokeshire to holiday lets as a form of small farm diversification has been refused.

In an application recommended for refusal at the March meeting of Pembrokeshire County Council’s planning committee, Barry Cadogan sought permission for a farm diversification and expansion of an existing holiday operation through the conversion of the former Cwm Deri vineyard production base and restaurant to three holiday lets at Oaklea, Martletwy.

It was recommended for refusal on the grounds the proposal “would introduce three new self-catering accommodation units within a countryside location which is not considered to be a proportionate amount of development to support a farm enterprise of limited scale”.

It had previously been recommended for refusal at the December planning committee but was deferred pending a site visit.

An officer report then said that, while the scheme was suggested as a form of farm diversification for the 36-acre farm, no detail had been provided in the form of a business case.

Speaking at that meeting, agent Andrew Vaughan-Harries of Hayston Developments & Planning Ltd, said the former Cwm Deri vineyard had been a very successful business, with a shop and a restaurant before it closed several years ago.

He said Mr Cadogan then bought the site, farming and running a small campsite of 20 spaces, but didn’t wish to run a café or a wine shop; arguing it would easily convert to holiday let use.

Speaking again at the March meeting, he said his applicant had now produced a business case, expecting the proposal would generate half the farm income, saying of the recommendation of refusal: “It almost seems like my client is punished for being a small farmer.”

He later added: “compared to a lot of farms in Pembrokeshire it is small; I think it’s very difficult to make a living out of 36 acres, he’s just a businessman trying to use a building.”

The business figure was debated, with estimations of the income ratio being closer to three-to-one in favour of the tourism side raised.

However, calls to go against officer recommendations and approve the scheme were moved by Cllr Brian Hall, who said the tourism operation was “the only thing that’s keeping him going at the moment,” adding: “I think we should give this applicant a chance; I think if we don’t do this a lot of these smallholdings are going to go out of business.”

Cllr Nick Neumann said the building not being used “doesn’t sit well with me,” warning: “I fear we are just making another building in our county redundant.”

Cllr Michael Williams, who had previously warned of the dangers about going against officer recommendations, saying it was time for a “reality check,” adding: “We have to determine this application as it is before us, not to look for ways round it; that’s the agent’s job.”

Committee chair Cllr Mark Carter, who had previously raised the three-to-one concern, said the business plan as received “doesn’t really stack up to show a form of farm diversification,” adding: “This new proposal with three units of holiday accommodation could well outstrip anything on the farming side by three-to-one.”

Cllr Hall’s call for approval was defeated by six votes to four, with the recommendation of refusal then taken, passing, also by six votes to four.

 

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Farming

Farmers urged to vaccinate livestock early against Bluetongue

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Industry experts warn midges could spread disease as temperatures rise

LIVESTOCK farmers are being urged to vaccinate their animals now against Bluetongue Virus (BTV) before warmer weather brings an increase in midge activity.

Veterinary experts say early vaccination is the best way to protect sheep, cattle, goats and deer from the disease, which is primarily spread by biting midges of the Culicoides species.

Bluetongue can also occasionally be transmitted from an infected dam to its offspring or during mating.

Phil Thomas BVetMed from Iechyd Da warned that farmers should not delay.

“Vaccination is now the only tool left in the box – there is no treatment,” he said.

“The vaccine takes several weeks to build protection in sheep and cattle, so farmers need to act early to ensure their animals are protected before midge season begins.”

Serious economic impact

Bluetongue can cause significant losses for farms even when animals survive infection.

Industry experts warn the virus can lead to sudden drops in milk production in dairy herds, abortions and stillbirths, infertility in breeding animals, and severe welfare problems including swelling, lameness and breathing difficulties.

Where the risk comes from

The disease can spread through several routes.

Local midge populations may already carry the virus in areas where outbreaks have previously occurred, particularly along the English and Welsh borders. Infected midges can also be blown across the sea from affected regions such as Devon, Cornwall or the east coast of Ireland.

Livestock carrying the virus in their bloodstream can then infect local midge populations, potentially triggering new outbreaks.

Farmers are also advised to take care when buying animals, particularly if they are coming from affected areas.

Warmer weather increases danger

Unlike many livestock diseases, Bluetongue spreads through biting insects rather than direct contact between animals.

Once temperatures consistently reach around 12°C, midge activity increases rapidly. By the time farmers see insects or hear about nearby cases, their livestock may already be exposed.

Fiona Lovatt, a sheep health specialist from Flock Health, advised farmers to plan ahead.

“If I had valuable stock, I would definitely be vaccinating my breeding cows and ewes,” she said.

“They need to be fully protected at least three weeks before June and, for cattle, that means having both doses completed by then.”

Steps farmers should take now

Veterinary experts recommend farmers contact their vet as soon as possible to check vaccine availability and schedule vaccinations well before peak midge season.

Transporting livestock also carries risks, as infected animals moved into disease-free areas can infect local midge populations and start new outbreaks.

Good hygiene during veterinary procedures is also important. Bluetongue can be spread mechanically via needles, so needles should ideally be changed between animals.

Managing the risk

Midge activity is typically highest at dusk and dawn. Housing animals during these times may help reduce the risk of infection.

Farmers are also advised to ensure livestock are in good overall health. Conditions such as BVD or parasite burdens, as well as poor nutrition, can weaken the immune system and reduce the effectiveness of vaccination.

Vaccination concerns

Experts say there is no scientific evidence that bluetongue vaccination during pregnancy increases the risk of abortion compared with other routine livestock vaccines.

Abi Reader, NFU Cymru President and a farmer at Goldsland Farm, said her herd was vaccinated despite many animals being pregnant at the time.

“A large proportion of our livestock were at different stages of pregnancy when we vaccinated, but we didn’t hesitate,” she said.

“The risk to their health from the virus was simply far greater than the risk of vaccination.”

Reporting suspected cases

Bluetongue remains a notifiable disease.

Farmers who suspect an outbreak should contact their vet or the Animal and Plant Health Agency immediately on 0300 303 8268.

 

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