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Wales’ ban on physical punishment shows impact three years on

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Awareness high as review finds shift in attitudes and fewer prosecutions

A LANDMARK Welsh law banning the physical punishment of children is beginning to change attitudes and protect young people, according to a new Welsh Government review published on Tuesday (Dec 16).

The Children (Abolition of Defence of Reasonable Punishment) (Wales) Act 2020 came into force in March 2022, making it illegal for parents and carers to physically punish children.

Three years on, an independent evidence review has found high public awareness of the law, strong professional confidence in applying it, and a growing rejection of physical punishment as an effective form of discipline.

One of the central findings relates to the Out-of-Court Parenting Support Scheme, which allows parents to access guidance and education rather than face prosecution. Since the law was introduced, around 365 families have been referred to the scheme, with 310 parents completing the sessions. The majority reported positive outcomes, while fewer than five cases have progressed to prosecution.

The Welsh Government says this demonstrates that the legislation is focused on education and prevention rather than punishment.

The review found that awareness of the law is widespread. Around 95% of parents surveyed said they know physical punishment is illegal, while 87% of the general public were aware of the legislation. A similar proportion of children and young people said they understood that parents are not permitted to physically punish them.

Attitudes towards discipline are also shifting. The review found that 86% of parents now view physical punishment as ineffective.

Professionals working with children and families reported increased confidence when discussing discipline and children’s rights with parents, saying the law has removed previous uncertainty about what is acceptable.

However, the review also identified areas where further work is needed, including additional research and ongoing support for the workforce implementing the law.

Responding to the findings, the Minister for Children and Social Care, Dawn Bowden said the legislation was making “significant progress” in protecting children’s rights.

She said: “By supporting families rather than punishing them, we are helping parents develop positive relationships with their children.

“The fact that almost all parents now know physical punishment is illegal, and the majority see it as ineffective, represents a significant cultural shift.

“Our approach prioritises education and support, with hundreds of families benefiting from parenting programmes. We want a Wales where every child is safe, valued and respected.”

However, the law has not been without criticism.

Opponents have previously warned that banning physical punishment risks drawing the state further into family life and criminalising parents for low-level incidents that would once have been dealt with informally. Others have raised concerns about police workload and the challenge of consistent enforcement, while some parents continue to argue that discipline should remain a private family matter.

The campaign group Be Reasonable, which opposed the law, said the Welsh Government’s own figures show increased workloads for police and social services, with some local authorities reporting temporary backlogs linked to a rise in child protection enquiries. The Government’s review acknowledges that low-level incidents are now more time-intensive to process and that some cases have been reclassified as criminal offences.

Campaigners also claim that parents are being drawn into the criminal justice system despite earlier assurances that the law would not criminalise families, and have criticised the lack of a detailed assessment of the law’s financial impact on public services. Ministers dispute this characterisation, maintaining that prosecutions remain rare and that the emphasis remains on education and early support rather than punishment.

Welsh ministers maintain that the focus remains firmly on education and support rather than prosecution, but debate around the law’s long-term impact on families and public services continues.

Chris Sherwood, CEO of the NSPCC, said: “We strongly welcome today’s publication of the Welsh Government’s review, three years on from their change in legislation to end the legal defence for the physical punishment of children.  

“Wales’s trailblazing work has changed public opinion and improved social services’ ability to safeguard children. The report further echoes the unequivocal evidence that physical punishment is harmful, ineffective and damages the trust and wellbeing at the heart of family relationships. It leads to the question, why are England and Northern Ireland lagging behind? 

“Today the Prime Minister and the Northern Ireland Executive must face the reality that they can no longer drag their heels on previous calls for England and Northern Ireland to follow Wales’s example. They must act now to give all children the same protection from assault as adults.” 

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Parliament narrowly backs move towards UK-EU customs union

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A TEN Minute Rule Bill calling for the UK to negotiate a customs union with the European Union has passed its first Parliamentary hurdle after a knife-edge vote in the House of Commons.

The proposal, brought forward by Liberal Democrat Europe spokesperson Al Pinkerton MP, was approved by a single vote on Tuesday after the Commons split 100 votes to 100, with the Deputy Speaker using their casting vote in favour of the Bill proceeding.

The Liberal Democrats described the result as a “historic victory”, arguing it sets an important parliamentary precedent for closer post-Brexit trading ties with the EU.

The vote saw 13 Labour backbenchers break ranks to support the proposal, alongside MPs from the Liberal Democrats and Plaid Cymru. In Wales, six MPs voted in favour, including Plaid Cymru’s Liz Saville Roberts, Ben Lake, Llinos Medi, Ann Davies, and Liberal Democrat MP David Chadwick, as well as Labour’s Tonia Antoniazzi, the MP for Gower.

However, the majority of Welsh Labour MPs chose not to back the measure. Among those abstaining was Henry Tufnell, Labour MP for Mid and South Pembrokeshire, who did not vote either for or against the Bill.

Other Welsh Labour MPs who abstained included representatives from Cardiff, Swansea, Llanelli, Neath, Newport, the Valleys and north Wales constituencies.

Economic impact of Brexit cited

The Liberal Democrats pointed to analysis from the House of Commons Library, commissioned by the party, which estimates the UK is losing around £250m a day in tax revenue as a result of Brexit-related economic impacts.

The party also highlighted concerns about the effect of Brexit on Welsh trade, citing research suggesting the volume of Welsh exports to the EU fell by around 31% between 2019 and 2024, while EU imports into Wales declined by approximately 20% over the same period.

They argue that small and medium-sized businesses in Wales are particularly exposed to additional trade barriers with the EU, given Wales’ historic reliance on European markets.

Speaking after the vote, Welsh Liberal Democrat Westminster spokesperson David Chadwick MP said the result reflected growing pressure for a change in the UK’s trading relationship with Europe.

“Across Wales, people are crying out for real change and a solution to the cost-of-living crisis,” he said. “A customs union with the EU is the single biggest step the government could take to grow our economy, put money back into people’s pockets and generate billions for our public services.”

Government position unchanged

The vote does not change government policy, and Ten Minute Rule Bills rarely become law without government backing. Labour ministers have so far ruled out rejoining the single market or customs union, citing commitments made during the general election campaign.

However, the narrow margin and cross-party support are likely to add pressure on the government as it seeks to “reset” relations with the EU through negotiations on trade, defence and regulatory cooperation.

For Pembrokeshire, where agriculture, food production, tourism and small exporters form a significant part of the local economy, the debate is likely to resonate, particularly among businesses affected by post-Brexit paperwork, costs and delays.

The Bill will now proceed to a second reading at a later date, though its long-term prospects remain uncertain.

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Crime

Van driver avoids ban after speeding on A48

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A VAN driver who was caught speeding on the A48 near Nantycaws avoided disqualification after magistrates accepted that a ban would cause exceptional hardship to others.

Norman Andrew Chapman, aged 59, of Rock Drive, Gelli, Pentre, appeared before Llanelli Magistrates’ Court on Monday (Dec 15).

Chapman admitted driving a Ford Transit 350 panel van at 68mph on a dual carriageway subject to a 60mph limit for that class of vehicle. The offence occurred at 1:05pm on April 2 and was detected using laser equipment.

The court heard detailed mitigation outlining Chapman’s caring responsibilities. He helps care for his housebound mother, who is on oxygen, and has taken on additional responsibilities while his brother undergoes cancer treatment. Magistrates were also told he assists a lifelong friend with panic attacks by taking her shopping, and that losing his licence would jeopardise his employment and potentially affect his employer’s business.

Finding exceptional hardship, the court decided not to disqualify Chapman.

He was fined £193, ordered to pay £400 in prosecution costs, and had three penalty points added to his driving licence.

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Crime

Harassment case against Milford Haven man dismissed

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A HARASSMENT case against a Milford Haven man was dismissed after prosecutors offered no evidence.

David Daley, aged 45, of Murray Road, Milford Haven, appeared before Llanelli Magistrates’ Court on Monday (Dec 15) for trial.

Daley had denied a charge of harassment without violence, relating to allegations that between October 28 and October 30 he persistently sent unwanted messages and attended at the home address of a female in Prioryville, Milford Haven.

No evidence was offered by the Crown Prosecution Service, and the charge was formally dismissed by the court.

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