Cymraeg
Dirgelwch Dewi Emrys
SUT DDYN oedd y bardd Dewi Emrys Yr oedd y cwestiwn Gofynnwyd gan y ddrama Dewi Emrys: Cythraul yr Awen ddydd Sul diwethaf ar S4C. Yr oedd y cwestiwn Gofynnwyd gan y ddrama Dewi Emrys: Cythraul yr Awen ddydd Sul diwethaf ar S4C. Mewn rhifyn arbennig o Pethe ar ddydd Mawrth, edrychodd Twm Morys i mewn i leoliad y barddol yn cadeirio enillodd Dewi Emrys
Galwodd Dewi Emrys (1881- 1952) ei gymeriad yn ‘gerddorfa o gymhlethdod’, ac yn Dewi Emrys: Cythraul yr Awen byddwn yn gweld pam roedd bywyd Dewi mor helbulus. Bydd cyfraniadau gan rai oedd yn adnabod Dewi a chawn glywed eu hargraffiadau nhw o’r bardd oedd yn dod o Gei Newydd yn wreiddiol, ond a symudodd i Sir Benfro pan oedd yn saith oed. Aeth i’r ysgol ym Mhencaer ac Ysgol Ramadeg Jenkins Abergwaun cyn mynd fel prentis newyddiadurwr a chysodwr ar y County Echo yn y dre honno. Ar ôl marwolaeth ei dad, symudodd y teulu i Gaerfyrddin ac aeth Dewi i weithio ar y Carmarthen Journal. Yn1903, fodd bynnag, aeth i Goleg Presbyteraidd a dilyn llwybr ei dad i’r weinidogaeth. Ar ôl y Rhyfel Mawr, ceisiodd Dewi wneud bywoliaeth o’i newyddiaduriaeth drachefn. Er iddo werthu sawl darn i olygyddion Stryd y Fflyd, aeth pethau o chwith iddo, a threuliodd sawl noson dan y sêr ar lannau Tafwys. Cefnodd Cymry Llundain arno, y cyn-bregethwr a oedd erbyn hyn i’w weld yn canu y tu allan i’r eglwysi, a’i gap yn ei ddwylo. Yn 1926, fodd bynnag, daeth tro ar fyd i Dewi, pan enillodd y Goron yn Eisteddfod Genedlaethol Abertawe gyda chasgliad o gerddi Rhigymau’r Ffordd Fawr. Yn yr un Eisteddfod, enillodd ar gystadleuaeth Darn o Farddoniaeth mewn tafodiaith gyda’r gerdd a fyddai’n dod yn un o’i weithiau mwya adnabyddus, “Pwllderi”. Yn sgil ei lwyddiant, daeth ei wraig i chwilio amdano yn Abertawe, gan fod Dewi heb dalu tuag at gynnal ei deulu ers blynyddoedd. Fel canlyniad bu rhaid i Ddewi roi’r arian a enillwyd yn yr Eisteddfod i Cissie, casglu mwy gan ei ffrindiau, a hyd yn oed rhoi ei goron newydd mewn pawn shop yn Abertawe. Aeth Dewi Emrys ymlaen i ennill y Gadair yn y Genedlaethol bedair gwaith, yn Lerpwl, 1929 (“Dafydd ap Gwilym”), Llanelli, 1930 (“Y Galilead”), Bangor, 1943 (“Cymylau amser”), a Phen-y-bont ar Ogwr 1948, (“Yr alltud”). Mae sawl Cymro wedi galw’r bardd Dewi Emrys yn arwr ac yn gymeriad rhamantaidd. Ond roedd yn gymeriad dadleuol yn ei gyfnod, ac yn dadlau â sawl un. Ond meddai Emyr Llew am Dewi, “Fe oedd gelyn mwyaf ei hunan.” Un person oedd yn adnabod Dewi orau, oedd ei ferch Dwynwen. Mae Dwynwen bellach wedi newid ei henw i Nina Watkins, ac yn byw yn Ne Lloegr. Dywed fod ei magwraeth wedi bod yn gyfnod anodd iddi hi. “Roedd e’n amser trawmatig iawn i mi, a chefais nifer o brofiadau negyddol.” Dyma’r tro cyntaf i Nina Watkins siarad yn agored am ei thad, ac mae’r hyn mae hi’n ei ddweud yn gwrthddweud y fytholeg ramantaidd am Dewi. Cafodd fywyd lliwgar iawn, treuliodd gyfnod fel gweinidog ac fel cardotyn ar hyd strydoedd Llundain, ac roedd yn ferchetwr o fri. Ond yn ôl Nina, “Doedd e ddim yn dad da iawn.” Mae Dewi Emrys: Cythraul yr Awen yn dramateiddio perthynas Dewi gyda dwy fenyw oedd wedi dylanwadu’n enfawr ar Dewi. Y ddwy oedd Dilys Cadwaladr, mam Nina; ac Eluned Phillips, cyfaill Dewi. Bydd Sharon Morgan yn actio Eluned Phillips, a Judith Humphreys yn chwarae Dilys Cadwaladr. Profiad arbennig i Judith Humphreys oedd actio Dilys Cadwaladr, disgrifia Judith, sydd yn byw ym Mhenygroes yn Nyffryn Nantlle, fywyd a phersonoliaeth Dilys fel un “cymleth.” Dywed Judith iddi hi fwyhau dysgu am elfennau o’r cyfnod, ac am hanes bywyd Dilys a Dewi; “Roedd hi’n gyfle gwych i mi ddysgu am hanes y cyfnod, a hanes bardd mawr o’r cyfnod. Roedd hi’n braf i gael perpectif merch ar y cyfan, ac roedd Dilys yn ferch ddeallus, a chlyfar. Roedd hi hefyd yn fraint i gael y cyfle i bortreadu person oedd a sawl elfen i’w phersonoliaeth. Roedd hi’n berson sensitif, trist, dyrys a chymleth.” Roedd Dilys hefyd yn fardd, a hi oedd y ferch gyntaf i ennill y gadair yn Eisteddfod Genedlaethol y Rhyl yn 1953. Ond roedd ei pherthynas hi a Dewi hefyd yn un cymleth yn ôl Judith; “Roedden nhw’n byw yn dlawd iawn. Roedd Dewi yn berson bregus, ac roedd hi eisiau ei achub o, ac edrych ar ei ôl o, a’i helpu gyda’i ansicrwydd . Roedd hi yn edmygu ei allu a’i ddoniau yn fawr.” Roedd Eluned Phillips hefyd wedi gwirioni ar Dewi Emrys yn ôl Sharon Morgan, sy’n portreadu Eluned yn Dewi Emrys: Cythraul yr Awen. “Dwi’n meddwl ei bod hi a Dewi yn gymeriadau tebyg, fel sgwennwyr a hefyd dau o’dd yn casau culni a rhagfarn y ‘sefydliad. Dwi’n meddwl ei bod hi’n ei edmygu fe fel merch ifanc yr adeg, wedi gwirioni ar y rebel ynddo, ond yna nes ymlaen dwi’n meddwl bod ei perthynas yn fwy cydradd. Dwi ddim yn meddwl ei bod hi’n berthynas rhywiol ar unryw adeg” dywed Sharon. Ond roedd portreadu Eluned Phillips, enillodd y goron ddwy waith un waith yn Eisteddfod Genedlaethol Bala yn 1967 ac Eisteddfod Genedlaethol Llangefni 1983, yn her yn ôl Sharon Morgan “O’dd e’n her ac yn fraint ymgeisio i bortreadu person goiawn, bydd amryw yn cofio, o’dd yn gymeriad mor unigryw, a hefyd mewn cyfnod penodol, sef y 70au.” Bydd y bardd Twm Morys, yn clywed bod Dewi Emrys yn un o ddau fardd i ennill pedair cadair yn yr Eisteddfod, Dyfed oedd y bardd arall. Oherwydd ei lwyddiant ysgytwol ef, penderfynodd yr Eisteddfod newid y rheol, a dim ond dwy gadair gall prifeirdd Cymru eu hennill bellach. Ond er i Dewi ennill y nifer fwyaf o gadeiriau, ef hefyd oedd y bardd a gollodd y fwyaf o gadeiriau. “Un go flêr oedd Dewi Emrys yn methu dal gafael ar swydd na chartref yn hir, yn cysgu weithiau mewn clawdd ar stryd, ac mi werthodd yr unig goron Eisteddfod yr enillodd o er mwyn talu ei ddyledion” dywed Twm Morys. Yn Eisteddfod Llanelli 1930, enillodd Dewi Emrys gadair yr ŵyl am ei bryddest ‘Y Galilead’. Ond yn gynnar wedi ei fuddugoliaeth aeth y gadair hon ar goll. Ac mae’r un yn wir am gadeiriau ei awdlau buddugol yn Eisteddfod Genedlaethol Lerpwl (1929), Bangor (1943) a Phen-y-bont ar Ogwr (1948). Bydd taith Twm Morys a’r Cadeiriau Coll yn ei arwain ar hyd Cymru a thu hwnt. O dafarn i ysbyty, o gastell i neuadd ddinesig, aiff ar drywydd cadeiriau Dewi Emrys a nifer o feirdd eraill. Bu farw yn Aberystwyth ym mis Medi, 1952, a chafodd ei gladdu ym mynwent Capel Pisgah, ar bwys Talgarreg. Dywedodd ei gyfaill, y Prifardd T. Llew Jones am yr achlysur: “Bu farw Dewi Emrys yn ysbyty Aberystwyth ar Fedi’r 20fed 1952 a chladdwyd ef ym mynwent Pisgah, Talgarreg. Ychydig iawn o bobl a welodd yn dda i ddod i’r angladd. Yn wir, roedd y capel yn hanner gwag.” Mae cofeb i hyn mwyaf cythryblus o feirdd yn sefyll ar Pwllderi, o ba le y cymerodd ei ysbrydoliaeth mwyaf
Cymraeg
Seven volunteers to be honoured at Eisteddfod yr Urdd Ynys Môn
SEVEN local volunteers will be honoured at this year’s Eisteddfod yr Urdd Ynys Môn in recognition of their long-standing service to the Urdd movement.
The festival returns to Anglesey for the first time since 2004 and will be held at the Anglesey Showground from Saturday, May 23 to Friday, May 29.
For the first time in its history, Eisteddfod yr Urdd will run as a seven-day festival.
The Honorary Presidents for 2026 are Alwen Jones, of Amlwch; Ann Peters Jones, of Holyhead; Derek Evans, of Llannerch-y-medd; Edward Morus Jones, of Llangristiolus; Grês Pritchard, of Llannerch-y-medd; Helen Evans, of Talwrn; and Rhian Lloyd Jones, of Bodffordd.
Each year, the Urdd works with the local executive committee to select its Honorary Presidents, recognising people who have made a significant contribution to the organisation and to Welsh youth culture.
Llio Maddocks, Director of the Arts at Urdd Gobaith Cymru, said: “The seven individuals honoured this year have dedicated years of support to the Urdd.
“Volunteers play a vital role in the work of the Urdd, and we look forward to recognising the commitment and contributions of all seven individuals at a special ceremony during the Eisteddfod on Sunday, May 24.”
Long service to the Urdd
Alwen Jones, originally from Amlwch, has been involved with the Urdd since her school days at Ysgol Syr Thomas Jones.
She competed successfully when the Urdd came to Menai Bridge in 1976, winning the public speaking competition, coming second in the Chair competition and third in the Literature Medal.
After studying education at Trinity College, Carmarthen, she returned to Anglesey and became involved with Aelwyd yr Ynys, coaching young people and writing lyrics for action songs.
She went on to serve as regional secretary for 25 years, helping organise county eisteddfodau, and was secretary of the executive committee when the Urdd National Eisteddfod was last held on Anglesey in 2004.
Ann Peters Jones, of Holyhead, is a musician, teacher and accompanist who has supported young performers for more than forty years.
Educated at Valley Primary School, Holyhead High School, Wrexham Cartrefle College and the Royal Scottish Academy, she began her teaching career at Llanfawr School in Holyhead before spending fifteen years as Head of Music at Ysgol Gyfun Llangefni.
She now works as a freelance musician, with the Gwynedd and Anglesey Music Service and the dementia charity Forget Me Not. Four songs she co-wrote with Delyth Wyn Jones are included in this year’s Urdd festival competitions.
Derek Evans, of Llannerch-y-medd, began teaching at Ysgol Rhoscolyn in 1978 and joined the local Urdd committee in the same year.
He later became deputy headteacher at Ysgol Gwalchmai and headteacher of Ysgol Llanddeusant, where he encouraged children from rural Anglesey to compete in Urdd eisteddfodau and attend camps at Glan-llyn and Llangrannog.
In 2004, he chaired the executive committee for the Urdd National Eisteddfod on Anglesey. He remains chair of the Anglesey Regional Committee and is also vice-chair of this year’s executive committee.
Decades of dedication
Edward Morus Jones, of Llangristiolus, joined the Urdd nearly 75 years ago after growing up in Llanuwchllyn, the home village of Urdd founder Sir Ifan ab Owen Edwards.
Over the years, he has served as President of the Day at the Urdd National Eisteddfod in Swansea in 1971, vice-president of the organisation during the 1970s, and a member of the Urdd Council for more than 25 years.
He also led the humanitarian panel responsible for the Peace and Goodwill Message, coached and adjudicated locally and nationally, and helped bring the Urdd Eisteddfod to Anglesey in 2004.
Grês Pritchard, of Llannerch-y-medd, is widely known as an accompanist, teacher, coach and conductor.
She received the Green Robe of the Gorsedd in 1960 and the White Robe in 2006, and was awarded an MBE in 2010.
She was accompanist to Côr Meibion y Traeth for 46 years and has helped generations of children through school and Urdd competitions, including pupils at Amlwch, Penysarn, Ysgol Gymraeg Morswyn and other primary schools.
Helen Evans, of Talwrn, joined the Urdd in the early 1960s and later became a teacher.
She was responsible for Urdd activities at Ysgol Gyfun Llangefni for more than thirty years and played a key role in Cylch Cefni Committee and the Anglesey Regional Committee.
For a period, she also served as secretary of the Anglesey Primary and Secondary Regional Eisteddfodau. During the 1980s, she helped re-establish the Aelwyd in Talwrn.
Rhian Lloyd Jones, of Bodffordd, originally from Meirionnydd, developed her love of singing and competition through the Urdd in Corwen, Ysgol y Berwyn and Ysgol y Gader.
After training at the Normal College in Bangor, she moved to Anglesey for her first teaching post at Ysgol Llanfachraeth, where she began coaching children to sing individually and in groups.
She continued that work at Ysgol Rhosneigr and Ysgol Llanddeusant, helped bring success to Bodffordd’s Urdd branch, and remains an accompanist at Urdd eisteddfodau across Anglesey as well as for Côr Meibion Goronwy.
Community
Number of Welsh speakers falls for second year running
THE NUMBER of Welsh speakers living in Wales has fallen for the second year in a row, according to the latest annual population survey.
Figures published on Wednesday (Apr 22) show that 844,300 people aged three and over were able to speak Welsh in the year ending December 31, 2025.
That represents 27.3% of the population.
The figure is down from 896,300, or 29.2%, in the year ending December 31, 2023.
Despite the recent fall, the overall trend since 2010 remains upward. In March 2010, the survey recorded 731,000 Welsh speakers in Wales, equivalent to 25.2% of the population.
The Welsh Government said the latest data showed that the number of Welsh speakers had “declined in general over the past two years”, but added that the longer-term picture since 2010 was still one of growth.
However, officials have also urged caution when interpreting the figures.
The Annual Population Survey has seen falling sample sizes in recent years, and the estimates have not been reweighted to the latest population estimates. As a result, the Office for Statistics Regulation has agreed that the figures should no longer be treated as accredited official statistics for the time being.
The Welsh Government says the census remains the key source for measuring the number of Welsh speakers in Wales.
According to census data, the number of Welsh speakers was 582,400 in 2001, 562,000 in 2011, and 538,300 in 2021.
Cardiff had the highest estimated number of Welsh speakers in the 2025 survey, with 96,800, followed by Gwynedd with 91,300 and Carmarthenshire with 88,100.
The lowest estimated numbers were in Blaenau Gwent, with 8,200, and Merthyr Tydfil, with 10,200.
Gwynedd had the highest estimated percentage of Welsh speakers, at 74.7%, followed by Anglesey at 63.5%.
The lowest percentages were recorded in Blaenau Gwent, at 12.1%, and Bridgend, at 15.5%.
Children and young people aged three to fifteen remain the age group most likely to speak Welsh, with 48.8%, or 237,900, reporting that they could do so.
But the percentage of children and young people able to speak Welsh has generally fallen since the start of 2019.
The survey also found that 14.5% of people aged three and over, around 448,800 people, said they spoke Welsh daily.
A further 4.9%, or 151,200 people, said they spoke Welsh weekly, while 6.5%, or 200,400 people, said they spoke it less often.
Around 43,500 people said they could speak Welsh but never did so.
The figures also showed that 31.5% of people could understand spoken Welsh, 24.9% could read Welsh, and 22.3% could write in Welsh.
Community
Comedy in the Pavilion: Elis James at Eisteddfod y Garreg Las
COMEDIAN Elis James will take to the Pavilion stage at the National Eisteddfod for the first time this year, performing on Wednesday, August 5 as part of the festival programme. Entry to the gig is included in the Maes day ticket, and with strong roots in the area, his return promises an evening of laughter and a warm homecoming atmosphere.
Famous for making quick connections with people from across Wales on his podcast ‘Elis & John’ on BBC Sounds, Elis will no doubt receive a warm welcome at the National Eisteddfod, arguably one of the best places in the world to connect with fellow Welsh people. With his observational comedy, often inspired by his upbringing in west Wales, this is expected to be an evening full of humour, marking the halfway point of the Eisteddfod week.
Elis said: “I’m very excited. I’ve never done stand-up in the Pavilion before. Mam will be there, I’m sure other members of the family will be there too, but don’t worry, I’m one of those people who is funny under pressure!”
Betsan Moses, the Eisteddfod’s Chief Executive, added: “It’s a pleasure to welcome Elis back home to the Garreg Las area.
“As a Welsh comedy giant, we’re looking forward to a night of humour in his company, reflecting the true spirit of the Eisteddfod.”
Elis was born in Haverfordwest and raised in Carmarthen. He’s a comedian, podcast presenter, actor and broadcaster. Since 2014, he’s presented a radio show with his friend and fellow comedian, John Robins, originally on Radio X before moving to BBC 5 Live in 2019.
Among the UK’s most popular comedians, Elis toured Wales with his show Derwydd in 2024, recording a performance at Carmarthen’s Lyric Theatre. He has since returned to English‑language stand‑up after a ten‑year break.
Day Maes tickets, which include admission to the gig, are available on the Eisteddfod website.
Eisteddfod Genedlaethol y Garreg Las will be held in Llantwd, north Pembrokeshire between August 1 and August 8.
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